2. Releasing the victim
3. Evacuating the victim
Hauling
Downward, the evacuation is carried out with a descender.
This is the easiest technique currently in use. When downward
evacuation is impossible, the victim is evacuated upward or
horizontally. Upward, rescuers use either a counterweight or hauling
technique. Horizontally, one or more ropes are tensioned. One rope
is used for carriage, another is used as a back-up belay, and another
to move the litter.
This involves using a mechanical advantage pulley system in order to
easily raise the victim. When the rescuer is alone, he will create such
a system to conserve energy. The disadvantage is that a long rope is
required.
If there are enough rescuers, a lower mechanical advantage is used
to hasten the operation.
46 daN
46 daN
"Balancier" technique
Example of hauling
Downward
Information is non-exhaustive. Refer to the other pages as well as to the Instructions for Use and technical manuals. Technical training is essential.
This is a counterweight system. The rescuer is on one side, the
victim on the other. The rescuer unweights the rope on the victim's
100 daN
side by pulling on it. The victim ascends and the rescuer
100descends.
daN
The advantage of this system is that it is easy to do with little
equipment. Engaging the counterweight is the step that demands
the most energy. After that, it is important to be careful to keep the
system under control. Be careful when there is a big weight
difference between the rescuer and the victim.
Upward
46 daN
46 daN
80 daN
80 daN
27 daN
27 daN
46 daN 46 daN
100 daN
100 daN
46 daN
110 daN
110 daN
100 daN100 daN
100 daN
Example of counterbalance
Horizontally
80 daN
80 daN
27 daN
27 daN
80 daN 80 daN
27 daN 27 daN
110 daN
80 daN 110 daN
27 daN
110 daN110 daN
110 daN
VERTICALITY