PETIGREE MAGAZINE Issue 5 | Page 15

H E A LT H problems. & W E L L N E S S Signs To Look Out For Bacteria from periodontal disease affect the entire body, leading to kidney and heart diseases and eventually organ failure. • Overall decreased interest in food. Some cats develop severe gingivitis with minimal signs of accompanying dental disease. The affected areas may extend beyond the gums to other areas of the mouth. This condition is often very difficult to control and may require repeated treatment and its diagnosis can involve extensive investigative procedures. • Chew with obvious discomfort, drop food from the mouth, or swallow with difficulty. Cervical neck lesions result from a progressive destruction of the enamel resulting in slowly deepening cavities or caries in affected teeth. Once the sensitive parts of the tooth are exposed, these lesions are intensely painful, and the only effective and humane treatment is to extract the tooth. The cause of this disease is unknown; however, poor oral hygiene could be a likely cause. Following are the common oral diseases in cats. Consult your vet straight away if your cat exhibits any of the following symptoms: Gingivitis: This inflammation of the gums is mainly seen in older cats. It may start as a dark red line bordering on the teeth. If left untreated, gums may become sore and ulceration may occur. • Approaching the food bowl but showing reluctance to eat. This also is likely to lead to noticeable weight loss. • Drooling excessively - the saliva may contain blood. • The cat may have halitosis, or an unpleasant breath odour. • In some cases, cats may paw at their mouths or shake their heads. • Some cats may exhibit preference for moist canned foods and reject dry foods. • Dental disease and oral pain may account for the ‘finicky appetites’ that some cats display. • Irritable or depressed mood. Periodontitis: If gingivitis invades the tooth socket, the tooth may become loose and an abscess may form. Stomatitis: This inflammation of the mouth lining may result from a foreign body in the mouth, a viral disease or dental problems. The cat will have difficulty eating and the inside of the mouth will appear red. Rodent Ulcer: A slowly enlarging sore or swelling on the upper lip. Salivary Cyst: If salivary glands or ducts that carry saliva to the mouth become blocked, a cyst may form under the tongue. Mouth Ulcers: Ulcers on a cat’s tongue and gums are sometimes caused by feline respiratory or kidney disease. DOGS Dogs are also at a high risk of dental diseases. It is estimated that at least 80 per cent dogs over the age of three suffer from dental diseases. Few dogs show obvious signs of dental disease, so it is up to the dog’s family and veterinarian to uncover this hidden and often painful condition. But the following signs can help you identify possible oral troubles. 15