Perspectives June 2016

PERSPECTIVES © 2016, IFDC. All rights reserved. Perspectives is a biannual publication of the International Fertilizer Development Center (IFDC). Unless otherwise noted, printed material published in Perspectives is in the public domain and may be freely reproduced. Source acknowledgment and a copy of any reproduction are requested. Electronic versions in English and French are available at ifdc.org. IFDC is a public international organization, governed by a board of directors with representation from developed and developing countries. The nonprofit Center is supported by various bilateral and multilateral aid agencies, private foundations, and national governments. IFDC focuses on increasing and sustaining food security and agricultural productivity in developing countries through the development and transfer of effective and environmentally sound crop nutrient technology and agribusiness expertise. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Donna Venable MANAGING EDITOR James Thigpen GRAPHIC DESIGN/LAYOUT Heather Gasaway PHOTOGRAPHY RESEARCH Victoria Antoine DISTRIBUTION Jane Goss and David Wright WRITERS Humaira Alif, Justin Nekoufar, Andy Thigpen, James Thigpen, and Ajay Varadachary BOARD OF DIRECTORS Jimmy G. Cheek (USA), Chairperson of the Board Rudy Rabbinge, Co-Vice Chairperson of the Board (The Netherlands) Rhoda Peace Tumusiime, Co-Vice Chairperson of the Board (Uganda) Mohamed Badraoui (Morocco) Margaret Catley-Carlson (Canada) Josué Dioné (Mali) Douglas Horswill (Canada) Agnes M. Kalibata (Rwanda) Mark E. Keenum (USA) Steven Leath (USA) Peter McPherson, Chairperson Emeritus (USA) Patrick J. Murphy (USA), Ex-Officio Member William P. O'Neill, Jr. (USA) Vo-Tong Xuan (Vietnam) PRESIDENT AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER J. Scott Angle IFDC DIVISIONS Asia (EAD) East and Southern Africa (ESAFD) North and West Africa (NWAFD) Office of Programs (OOP) Cover Photo: Rieke Weel ACRONYMS AAPI AFAP AIRCA Accelerating Agriculture Productivity Improvement African Fertilizer and Agribusiness Partnership Association of International Research and Development Centers for Agriculture C4CP C-4 Cotton Partnership EAD Asia Division ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States ESAFD East and Southern Africa Division FDI Fertilizer Distribution Improvement FDP fertilizer deep placement GAPs good agricultural practices NWAFD North and West Africa Division ONDR Office Nationale du Développement Rural USAID U.S. Agency for International Development WFA Walmart Foundation Activity

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