PECM Issue 33 2018 | Page 62

ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS POWER IN ELECTRICAL SAFETY BENDER UK EFFECTIVE CONTROL AND AUXILIARY CIRCUIT MONITORING REDUCES DOWNTIME AND INCREASES PROFITABILITY Early identification of earth faults in mission critical AC or DC control and auxiliary supplies can prevent equipment shutdown, increase production output and improve profitability. Unearthed IT Power Systems An unearthed IT system as per BS7671 section 3 and IEC60364-4, is tolerant to first earth fault and will not cut power, unlike a TN system which would cause a power failure - therefore an IT system makes it more reliable and safer for mission critical systems, protecting both production and people. The ungrounded system has no direct connection between live conductors and earth. The system does not shut down when the first low R earth fault occurs, which means the power supply is maintained. An IT system is used widely in critical applications like Group 2 Medical locations and AC/DC auxiliary circuit applications for more effective protection, control and tripping supply in substations/power stations. IT systems are particularly appropriate for auxiliary circuits where high reliability is required - see BS7671 557.3.4.1 Note 2. However, the full benefit of an IT system can only be realised by detecting development of the first earth fault and repairing it before it develops to a second earth fault on a different conductor. That requires an Insulation Monitoring Device (IMD) which performs best when paired with a fault location system (iFLS) which enables maintenance teams to easily find the faulty circuit. Insulation Monitoring Device (IMD) in Unearthed IT Systems BS7671 clause 411.6.3.1 states “Where an IT system is used for reasons of continuity of supply, an insulation monitoring device shall be provided...” Neutral conductor N and ground conductor PE are connected via a bonding jumper. First low R earth fault results in disconnection of supply. 62 PECM Issue 33 Effective Control and Auxiliary Circuit Monitoring Can Reduce Downtime and Increase Profitability conductive All parts liable to cause malfunction The governing standard of the Insulation The governing standard of the Insulation IMDs must be labelled to highlight system of monitoring device (IMD) is BS EN as per inadvertent use i.e AC, DC or AC/DC. of the controlled operation) monitoring device (IMD) is BS EN 61557-8 as 61557-8 (e.g. IEC 60364-4 and BS7671 557.3.4.3. and 538.1.1 equipment.” per IEC 60364-4 and BS7671 557.3.4.3. and BS EN 61577-8 prohibits use of passive devices 538.1.1 in an IT circuits which cannot detect symmetrical All IMDs must be labelled to highlight faults. A symmetrical fault is particularly dangerous to control circuit because it can lead to inadvertent BS EN 61577-8 prohibits use of passive system of use i.e AC, DC or AC/DC. switching or false trippping without detection. The below shows a detect double high resistance devices in an IT circuits diagram which cannot Insulation monitoring technology combined symmetrical insulation fault on DC PLC circuit. The symmetrical faults. A symmetrical fault is passive device and fault is not detectable by the with earth fault location systems developed can therefore cause switch to be seen as closed. particularly dangerous to control circuit Insulation monitoring technology combined by circuit Bender are in a systems wide developed range by of with employed earth fault location BS7671 clause 557.3.201 states: “A control because it can lead to inadvertent switching Bender are employed in a wide range of critical shall be designed, arranged and protected critical to limit control circuit applications within control circuit applications within industry dangers resulting from a fault between the control or false trippping without detection. sect ors that cannot cannot afford unscheduled circuit and other conductive parts liable to cause industry sectors that simply simply afford The diagram below shows a double high operation) of the shutdowns or interruptions in production and malfunction (e.g. inadvertent unscheduled shutdowns process operations. or interruptions in controlled equipment.” resistance symmetrical insulation fault production and process operations. on DC PLC circuit. The fault is not detectable by the passive device and can therefore cause switch to be seen as closed. BS7671 clause 557.3.201 states: “A control circuit shall be designed, arranged and protected to limit dangers resulting from a fault between the control circuit and other BENDER UK Low Mill Business Park, Ulverston, Cumbria, LA12 9EE Tel: 44(0) 1229 480123 Tel ROI: +353 1 5060611