PECM Issue 14 2015 | Page 44

Control & Automation RS Components brings the Internet of Things to automation and control RS Components (RS) is a worldleading distributor of automation and process control (A&C) components from market-leading brands including Siemens, Phoenix Contact, Honeywell, Mitsubishi Electric Automation Systems, Omron and Schneider Electric among many others. The company’s extremely wide A&C portfolio ranges from control gear to sensors, contactors to pneumatics, and PLCs to motor controllers, as well as an extensive selection of machine guarding equipment to make working environments safer. Now, RS is expanding its automation and control offering with innovative new products that will enable the remote monitoring and control of machines to meet the growing needs of managing industrial applications in the fast emerging paradigm that is the ‘Internet of Things’ (IoT), which is connecting literally billions of devices to the Internet in countless applications. A core component in the IoT is advanced connectivity technologies, especially Ethernet but also wireless for many new services and applications. The IoT can offer significant benefits for manufacturing companies such as lowering costs, boosting productivity and streamlining system complexity. A new breed of increasingly standardized Internet-based network architectures are making it possible to connect up plants or factory floors to the smart processing capabilities of enterprise computing via Industrial Ethernet and many different wireless networking solutions. But key to the industrialization of the IoT is the ability to deliver industryhardened products that are robust and reliable and guaranteed to handle high signal speed and quality. For example, RS has a wide range of robust sensors for remote monitoring and wirelesscapable devices that cover multiple protocols, such as wireless LAN Ethernet port adaptors and access points, which open up conventional A&C networks to wireless capabilities including cellular technologies. RS has the portfolio and the expertise to make the Internet of Things really work for A&C companies of all sizes. uk.rs-online.com Positioning control: Not where you should be? Torsion and elasticity could be to blame. w hen we think of a gearhead, we tend to assume that it is incompressible and rigid, the truth is it still bends, compresses and has elastic properties. This has an effect on the difference between the perceived motion (encoder counts) and the actual motion of a drive system –we are not where we are supposed to be! torsion. This is the actual elements of the mechanical system twisting under load. The more the gearhead is loaded the more it twists, the more it twists the more energy stored and the larger the displacement error. When measuring anything we need to keep in mind how the instrumentation works and what are its limitations, to interpret the data we receive from it correctly and in the right context. An encoder will change its output status as the shaft rotates at that measured point. Should the drive chain twist under load, the end with the encoder (normally on the back of the motor) may be static in comparison to the actual motion occurring at the end of the gearbox. This is usually accounted for by play or “backlash” in the system, but there is a more hidden element; the drive chain The drive chain torsion begins with the motor shaft twisting, then the gearhead twisting and so forth through the drive chain. Normally the twist of the motor shaft is considered negligible as loads are comparatively low, it is usually when large gearing is involved (hence larger loads) that this twisting affect and backlash is more pronounced. Energy is stored in twisted drive chain like a twisted rubber band, so when the system is disabled this elastic energy is released, turning the motor backwards. Above are real measurements of a maxon motor fitted with a gearhead showing the 44 PECM Issue 14 release of this energy as it back drives the motor. In this case the motor rotated over 4 times when the drive was disabled. If this motion is not accounted for it may result in poor position accuracy. To hold a position under load we would always recommend a holding brake, especially if the load exceeds motor continuous torque specifications. The maxon EPOS controllers have an automatic brake control which controls a brake as the motor is enabled and disabled (timing of brake is adjustable by the user). By Mark Gibbons Technical Engineer, maxon motor uk ltd www.maxonmotor.co.uk