Peace & Stability Journal Peace & Stability Journal Volume 6, Issue 2 | Page 28

2015 saw several significant calls for improved United Nations (UN) peacekeeping, including the High-Level Independent Panel on United Nations Peace Operations (HIPPO) report, the Kigali Principles, and the September peacekeeping summit. By now, many of the concerns are familiar, include the preparation of units and leadership in UN missions. In many cases, ill-prepared contingents continue to arrive in missions without the expected training levels, required equipment, or adequate awareness of the operational environment or mission tasks. At best, this causes surprises and friction for the mission which must then scramble to mitigate contingent deficiencies. The HIPPO report advocated strengthened collaboration between the UN headquarters and troop and police contributing countries (TCCs and PCCs) to incorporate the perspectives of these nations.1 Improved dialogue can also convey the necessary information to ensure that TCCs and PCCs deploy contingents that are better prepared to meet the mission mandates. UN procedures are complicated, and it is unrealistic to expect deploying units to sort out their requirements without proactive institutional support from their respective nations. This article discusses two national nodes that are particularly important in this information exchange: • the national permanent mission to the UN, which is the country’s primary interlocutor with the UN’s agencies, and 26 • a national center for peacekeeping coordination (or other national organization) that is dedicated to assembling, preparing, deploying, and providing oversight for peacekeeping contributions. With respect to peacekeeping, both nodes serve the vital function of ensuring that unit and personnel contributions are fully prepared for service in UN peacekeeping missions. While a variety of arrangements are conceivable, Figure 1 depicts these two nodes in an example organizational structure. Figure 1 includes a Center for Peacekeeping Coordination (CPC) which is responsible for preparing units and personnel for deployment and which exercises administrative control over these assets while deployed on missions.2 If the nation’s contributions consist primarily of Army units, it may be advantageous to assign the CPC to the Army, but still task it with multidimensional oversight responsibilities (i.e., military, police, and civilian). This will likely prove more efficient than requiring different ministries to prepare their respective contributions. The CPC commander should report directly to the chief of staff of the Army or to the head of the joint forces, if such a position exists. Figure 1 also suggests the importance of the nation’s permanent mission to the UN. Many national missions are understandably Figure 1. Example Organization