PCC News Monthly May 2017 | Page 6

The Sky This Month Welcome to our night-time sky. Please enjoy this monthʼs tidbits of knowledge. We are lucky to live in a dark-sky area where the heavens can shine through. I hope you enjoy the sky and perhaps learn a thing or two. Happy star gazing! CLOSE ENCOUNTERS – There may be aliens up there buzzing around our solar system, but this discussion is about a verifiable group of objects – asteroids. In May alone, there will be 34 cataloged asteroids zipping nearby Earth. Anyone of them could cause a massive fireball or destroy life on Earth if the asteroid is large enough and if the asteroid hits directly. There is no need to fear though. Mayʼs asteroids are traveling by at a large distance from Earth. The farthest asteroid in this list (there are many more further out) will pass us at a distance of 0.19 AU. AU stands for Astronomical Unit, which corresponds to the average distance between the Earth and the Sun, so 0.19 AU is pretty far away. To put that into perspective, we can use Lunar Distance (LD), which is the average distance between the Earth and the Moon. There are 6 May 2017 pccnews roughly 389 LDs in an AU. So, the farthest asteroid in this list will be 74 times further than the distance between the Earth and the Moon. The nearest will pass at 8 LD. Occasionally, asteroids pass between the Earth and Moon (or at least less than the distance between the two). On April 4 th , a 15 foot long asteroid passed by at 0.04 LD or about 10,000 miles, which is half the distance between the Earth and a geostationary satellite. An asteroid of that size would break up and burn in our atmosphere. Too Close for Comfort – There have been some recent asteroids that have made it through our atmosphere. The most recent one occurred in Chelyabinsk, Russia on February 15 th , 2003. A meteor with an estimated mass of about 10 tons broke apart in the sky and produced a blinding light. The shock wave shattered windows and 985 people sought medical treatment. One large piece of the meteor remained intact and created a 20 foot wide crater. On June 30, 1908 in Tunguska, Russia, an even larger meteor blasted apart about a forest in Siberia. The ensuing shock wave knocked down 770 square miles of trees. More recently and closer to home, on October 9, 1992, a meteor shot across the sky from Kentucky to New York. A 27-pound piece of meteorite from the fireball landed in Peekskill, New York. The meteorite punched a hole through the trunk of a car and created a shallow depression beneath it. NASAʼs Near Earth Object Program is currently tracking over 16,000 asteroids and comets. There are currently 568 asteroids that have some potential for hitting the Earth in the next 100 years and causing some amount of damage. The two most likely objects are 23 feet in diameter and have a 0.5% chance of striking the Earth. Donʼt worry though; the first potential impacts are in the years 2073 and 2095, so youʼre safe for now. — Brian Biggs Amateur Astronomer