Parker County Today Magazine June 2020 | Page 112

JUNE 2020 PARKER COUNTY TODAY tory – I suspect the latter. Since this was transmitted from bat to man, we have not seen this virus before, so we have no natural immunity to fight it, therefore it can wreak havoc and even cause death. We are indeed in a worldwide pandemic. Since, to date, we don’t have any meaningful treatments for severe disease we must depend on immunity to protect our society. Herd immunity is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, whether through vaccination or previous infections, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune. In the absence of a vaccine, developing immunity to a disease like COVID-19 requires actually being infected with the coronavirus. Being a realist, as much as I hope we will have an effective vaccine by this fall, I am highly skeptical that a vaccine will be developed that will create immunity. These RNA viruses are extremely difficult to make vaccines against, particularly since these viruses mutate frequently and have antigen drift. To put in perspective, we have yet to develop effective vaccines for HIV, Hepatitis C, RSV, other coronaviruses (common cold), Ebola, or, for all intents and purposes, influenza also. It may be years, or never, that we have a COVID-19 vaccine that works. Therefore, this virus is going to have its resurgences until it runs its course and enough people have gotten it to create herd immunity and the coronavirus transmission will be stopped in its tracks. In order to achieve herd immunity, with a R 0 of probably 2-3 with this virus, we will need somewhere around 70% of our community to get the infection to protect the 10% that are high risk. So, in Parker County alone, with 130,000 residents, over 90,000 will eventually have to get infected with this virus which will take a couple of years. So, we expect we will over time have at least 90,000 become infected, well, we currently have 57. The sooner the healthy get infected, the quicker the virus will abate and the vulnerable be protected. 110 Continued from page 78 This is hard for people to hear - get our kids back in school and college. Let them do the things they have always done, fully. They are the ones that can safely achieve herd immunity and will become the wall of immunity to protect the ones at risk of dying. Realizing nobody is 100% invincible, the CDC provisional death rate for ages 0-24 is exceedingly rare. Aside from a rare Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MISC) being reported and possibly associated with COVID- 19, most all children are minimally symptomatic or asymptomatic. We do the same thing for the flu, and heaven forbid, the flu actually takes the lives of children (166 died this season). If you are young and fit and want to protect other people, wear a (real) mask or even better, get the virus and stay at home while you are sick. One last question, testing, testing, testing. Should we be getting tested for the virus and which test? There are basically two major tests. There is the PCR screening test, which is the nasal or oral swab test, that tells you if at that moment in time whether you have virus in you. You could be negative today, positive tomorrow. So, it gives no assurances about anyone’s status in an opening society. The test is required in hospitals and centers involving high risk medical procedures. Our society is currently in a phase of mass testing, including drive through testing for qualifying persons in Parker County. Approximately 5% of at-risk patients are testing positive in Parker County, and source control ensues for those that are positive to prevent further transmission. Many tests hit the market initially and some have a compromised sensitivity (ability to detect a positive case) at 70%. Could be a lot better (flu test is 98%). The second test, is the antibody test (IgM, IgG), which is like a pregnancy test on blood. The purpose of this test is for an individual to determine if they are susceptible (antibody negative) or if they have been previously infected and presumably immune. If positive then you have the neutralizing antibody and could be a potential plasma donor to give antibody treatments to the ones severely ill with coronavirus. It is still too early to tell whether this test will reflect long term immunity. Most cohort studies across the U.S. show around 1-4% of the population having the antibody, with New York City being the highest at 14%. Population density, when studied around the world, and what I studied for each of the 254 counties in Texas and submitted to the Governor’s office, makes a huge impact in infection and immunity rates, and ability to reopen society. My opinion is that we should never, never, never be using COVID- 19 testing to make public policies. We should not use these for employment criteria, business status, or one’s ability to function freely in society. However, testing should be done for PERSONAL reasons to know your status, and that information can be used by our officials for population analysis. Any final comments? One last thing. I want to emphasize that physician and patient mental health are big issues!!! People are experiencing extreme fear, anxiety, despair, depression, and social isolation. This results in pathologic actions of spousal abuse, child abuse, and physical abuse, including drug and alcohol abuse, and suicide. We need to concentrate on physical distancing but not social distancing. It is our human nature to be social and have a life of purpose and meaning. Likewise, we are seeing in these difficult times that doctors are faced with isolation, uncertainty, moral distress and burnout. It is an extremely sad state of affairs, when I see patients in the hospital (not from COVID- 19) actively dying alone! This is inhumane. And further to not have adequate closure with limitations in funeral home visits, church services, and internment, is an emotional tragedy for all that is difficult to mend. Furthermore, the current blame in our society of translating guilt on a person for giving a friend or family member the virus (often unknowingly) is absolutely unconscionable. It needs to stop; it is not psychologically healthy! We need to focus on the mental health of our society and do things to help us keep our own resilience!!!! I encourage everyone to enjoy your families and your passions to their fullest.