PALESTINE Memories of 1948 - Photographs of Jerusalem | Page 165

The Doms or Nawars, the Middle-Eastern branch of the Roms, Jerusalem, around 1912
the mayor until his death in 1994. He was suc-
ceeded by Amin Al Majaj for five years, and
from 1999 to April 2019, by Zaki Al Ghul.
23. In the early 1960s, developing counties
were concerned about their position in interna-
tional trade and called for a conference to dis-
cuss their issues and find development opportu-
nities. The first Unctad was held in 1964, and
they have been held every four years since then.
In parallel, the developing countries created the
Group of 77 (today 134) to promote their inter-
ests. The Unctad mission in 1999 focused on
assistance from the organization to develop the
Palestinian economy; see the document regard-
ing session 46, from October 18, 1999.
24. See the article by Françoise De Bel-Air
and Arda Dergarabedian “Migrations de
travail, globalisation et politique. Les Zones
industrielles qualifiantes (QIZ) de Jordanie”,
Migration et politique au Moyen-Orient, Ifpo,
2006, pp. 37–60, explains the appearance of a
new type of free zone following the signature
of the Peace Treaty in Wadi Araba: the Qual-
ifying Industrial Zones (QIZ). They have an
openly declared political goal, that of coop-
eration and regional economic integration in-
cluding Israel. The American logic is that “the
creation of trade links between Israel and the
Arab countries would encourage and reinforce
the private sector, a natural partisan to peace
and a rampart against fundamentalism.” How-
ever, the QIZs only began to flourish once Jor-
dan had joined the World Trade Organization
(WTO) and the signing of the free trade agree-
ment between Jordan and the United States in
September 2001.
25. See the Unctad report: The Palestinian
economy in East Jerusalem: Enduring annex-
ation, isolation and disintegration. UNCTAD/
GDS/APP/2012/1.
26.  In the late eighteenth century, Sheikh Mo-
hammad ibn Budeir, an erudite 15-year-old
from Jerusalem started a collection of man-
uscripts which form the core of what was to
become, after his death, the Al Budeiri Library.
The collection, around 900 manuscripts, is
composed notably of precious Persian, Arabic
and Turkish documents, some of them from
the fifth century. The library catalogue was
published in 1987.
27.  The door and the key to the Holy Sepulchre
are kept by two Muslim families, the Nuseibeh
and the Judeh, since the mid-thirteenth centu-
ry. That role, which consists in preventing the
Christians from fighting among themselves to
have it, is transmitted from father to son. There
are also various rituals for the three religious
communities which officiate at the Holy Sepul-
chre, the Latins (Franciscans), the Greek Ortho-
dox and the Armenians. Every night, when the
door is closed, the three sacristans are present.
28.  See Jeffrey Yas, “(Re)designing the City of
David: Landscape, Narrative and Archeology
in Silwan”, Jerusalem Quarterly n°7, 2000, for
the links between colonization and archaeolog-
ical excavations in this village.
Tamam
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