PALESTINE Memories of 1948 - Photographs of Jerusalem | Page 164

1. See Géraldine Chatelard, “Palestiniens
de Jordanie”, in Jordanie, le royaume frontière,
Autrement, Paris (eds Riccardo Bocco and
Géraldine Chatelard), 2001.
2. Henry Laurens, Comment l’Empire otto-
man fut dépecé, Le Monde Diplomatique, April
2003, pp. 16 and 17.
3. The mukhtar represents the community that
he serves and acts as a mediator when there are
problems; he is a sort of legal representative or
lawyer for that community.
4.  Sufism is a mystical branch of Islam that has
been practised everywhere in the Muslim world
over most of its history, based around brother-
hoods (tariqa) led by a spiritual master. Sufism
has had a marked influence on literature, art
and intellectual thought, for example the po-
ems of Rumi (thirteenth-century Persia), the
works of Mansour Al Hallaj (twelfth-century
Persia) or those of Ibn Arabi (Al Andalus, pres-
ent-day Spain, thirteenth century). See Sylvie
Denoix, “Biens communs, patrimoines collec-
tifs et gestion communautaire dans les sociétés
musulmanes”, Revue du monde musulman et
de la Méditerranée, no. 79–80, 1996. See also
Emma Aubin-Boltanski, Pèlerinages et na-
tionalisme et Palestine – Prophètes, héros et
ancêtres, Paris, EHESS, 2007.
5. See the article by Charlotte Becquart,
“Territoire sacré, territoire habité  : les deux
mémoires de Silwane”, published in Le carnet
du Centre de recherche français à Jérusalem
(CRFJ), July 8, 2013.
6.  Ramadan, the ninth month of the Hijri cal-
endar, is a holy month for Muslims.
7.  The Doms were the Middle Eastern branch
of the Roms. See Gideon Levy, “Twilight
Zone, The Gypsies of Jerusalem”, Haaretz
19/06/2008. Although the European Roms
adopted Christianity and spoke Romany, those
of the Middle East were Muslim. In the eight-
eenth and nineteenth century, according to
travellers’ accounts at the time, a few families
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Memories of 1948
established themselves seasonally in Jerusalem.
Today, their descendants speak Arabic, call
themselves “Nawari” and live near to the Old
City. There are three big families: Nimr, Berani
and Slim.
8.  See Ali Qleibo, Jerusalem in the Heart, Je-
rusalem, Kloreus, 2000. Like everywhere that
religious communities live together, there are
popular religious practices that each borrows
from the other.
9.  People living in the centre of Palestine went
on pilgrimage to Nabi Musa, those living in the
coastal areas went to Nabi Saleh, near Ramallah.
10.  See the article by Emma Aubin Boltan-
ski, Le Mawsim de Nabî Mûsâ  : processions,
espace en miettes et mémoire blessée. Terri-
toires palestiniens (1998–2000), Ifpo, 2005.
And by the same author, “Le pèlerinage musul-
man de Nabî Mûsâ”, in the book edited by
Elias Sanbar, Jérusalem et la Palestine, Le fonds
photographique de l’École biblique de Jérusalem,
Paris, Hazan, 2013. pp. 122–130.
11.  In 1950 the Jordanian parliament official-
ly approved the union of the two banks of the
Jordan River into a single state under the sover-
eignty of King Abudullah I.
12. The Queen Zein Al Sharaf school was a
state school.
13.  The plan to divide Palestine, put forward
in 1937 by the Peel Commission and imple-
mented by the British, recommended that Jaffa
should be part of an enclave under British au-
thority, like Jerusalem, Bethlehem and a cor-
ridor passing through Ramle and Lydda as far
as the coast. The final UN partition plan, ap-
proved by the General Assembly in November
1947, recommended that Jaffa be included in
the future Palestinian Arab state.
14.  Unrwa (United Nations Relief and Works
Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near
East) is a UN programme created in December
1949 to help Palestinian refugees in the Gaza
strip, the West Bank, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria.
15.  The West Bank was annexed to Jordan in
1950 and Palestinians on both sides of the Jor-
dan obtained Jordanian nationality beginning
in 1949.
16. Professor Mahmoud Al Ghul a specialist
in ancient South Arabian languages. Amongst
other places he taught at the Fuad University
of Cairo (today’s University of Cairo), SOAS
(School of Oriental and African Studies) in
London, the American University of Beirut,
and the University of Yarmuk in Jordan. In
1959, he presented three South Arabian in-
scriptions to the British Museum, and suggest-
ed an initial interpretation in 1977. He trans-
lated the Iliad from Latin to Arabic at the age
of nineteen.
17.  The University of St Andrews was founded
in 1410. It was formally constituted by a papal
bull by Pope Benedict XIII in 1413.
18. Jane Taylor became a photographer spe-
cializing in the Middle East, particularly in
Jordan. See Jane Taylor, Images from the Air,
©Jane Taylor, 2005. Petra, 2004. High Above
Jordan, 1989. Imperial Istanbul, 1989.
19.  Golders Green is a part of the London Bor-
ough of Barnet, one of the centres of the British
Jewish community.
20. The clashes of September 1970 between
the Palestinian resistance and the Jordanian
army are a painful and complex subject for
many Palestinians and Jordanians because a
good many Jordanian soldiers were of Palestin-
ian origin and fought, like the other Jordanian
soldiers, against the Palestinian resistance mi-
litias, at the heart of which there was a certain
number of militants of Jordanian origin. See
the article by Lisa Romeo, “Septembre Noir”,
Les clés du Moyen-Orient, December 19, 2011.
21. There are 75 Jordanian senators; all are
nominated by the king, including the president
of the senate.
22.  In 1967, Ruhi Al Khatib had been Mayor
of East Jerusalem for ten years, and remained