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Chapter 2 – All About PCOS & Ovarian Cysts
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Types Of Ovarian Cysts
While most ovarian cysts are non-cancerous some ovarian cysts can develop
into cancerous growths. Let’s briefly describe the various types of non-
cancerous ovarian cysts (note that every woman can develop one or several
of the following types of cysts):
1. Follicular Cysts (Graafian Follicle): This is the most common type of
functional ovarian cyst. It can grow to about 2 inches in diameter, is filled with
clear fluid and is the result of a failed ovulation process. The pain caused by
ruptures in this type of cyst is a sharp pain on the side of the ovary where the
cyst is located and usually occurs in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Often,
these cysts dissolve by themselves within a few weeks or months.
2. Corpus Luteum Cysts: This is another type of functional ovarian cyst that
occurs in the corpus luteum stage. While usually the corpus luteum dissolves
by itself, if a pregnancy does not occur, it may stay on the ovary and be filled
with blood. Often, this cyst produces no symptoms.
3. Hemorrhagic Cysts: This cyst usually affects younger women and occurs
when blood enters the cyst through a tear in one of the cyst’s blood vessels.
Hemorrhagic cysts may grow to 5-6 inches in diameter. While most
hemorrhagic cysts dissolve by themselves they can produce painful
symptoms usually on the right side of the abdomen.
4. Dermoid Cysts: A rare but usually benign cyst that normally affects women
during their childbearing years. The size of a Dermoid cyst ranges from half
an inch to 17 inches in diameter. When Dermoid cysts become inflamed they
can cause severe abdominal pain and threaten blood supply. In this
emergency state, a surgery to remove the cyst is often necessary.
5. Endometriomas Cysts: This type of cyst affects women during the
reproductive years and develops when the mucous membrane that makes up
the inner layer of the uterine wall (also referred to as the endometrial tissue)
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