Genesis 10:29 | 41
10:10 b Ge 11:9 c Ge 11:2
10:11 d Ps 83:8; Mic 5:6 e Jnh 1:2; 4:11;
Na 1:1
10:14 f Ge 21:32, 34; 26:1, 8
10:15 g ver 6; Ge 9:18 h Eze 28:21
i Ge 23:3, 20
10:16 j 1Ch 11:4
10:18 k Ge 12:6; Ex 13:11
10:19 l Ge 11:31; 13:12; 17:8 m ver 15
10:21 n ver 24; Nu 24:24
10:22 o Jer 49:34 p Lk 3:36
10:23 q Job 1:1 10:24 r ver 21
8 Cush was the fa ther a of Nim rod, who be came a mighty war rior on the earth. 9 He was a mighty hunter be fore the Lord; that is why it is said,“ Like Nim rod, a mighty hunter be fore the Lord.” 10 The first cen ters of his king dom were Bab ylon, b Uruk, Ak kad and Kal neh, in b Shinar. c c 11 From that land he went to As syria, d where he built Nineveh, e
Rehoboth Ir, d
Calah 12 and Resen, which is between Nineveh and Calah— which is the great city.
13 Egypt was the fa ther of the Lu dites, An a mites, Le ha bites, Naph tu hites, 14 Path ru sites, Kas lu hites( from whom the Philistines f came) and Caphtorites.
15 Canaan g was the fa ther of
Sidon h his first born, e and of the Hit tites, i 16 Jebusites, j
Amorites, Girgashites, 17 Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, 18 Arvadites, Zemarites and Hamathites.
Later the Canaanite k clans scattered 19 and the bor ders of Ca naan l reached from Si don m to ward Ge rar as far as Gaza, and then to ward Sodom, Go mor rah, Ad mah and Ze boyim, as far as Lasha.
20 These are the sons of Ham by their clans and lan guages, in their ter ri to ries and nations.
The Semites 10:21-31pp— Ge 11:10-27; 1Ch 1:17-27
21 Sons were also born to Shem, whose older brother was f Ja pheth; Shem was the an cestor of all the sons of Eber. n
22 The sons of Shem: Elam, o Ashur, Ar phaxad, p Lud and Aram.
23 The sons of Aram: Uz, q Hul, Ge ther and Me shek. g 24 Ar phaxad was the fa ther of h Shelah, and She lah the fa ther of Eber. r
25 Two sons were born to Eber: One was named Peleg, i be cause in his time the earth was di vided; his brother was named Joktan.
26 Jok tan was the fa ther of Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 27 Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 28 Obal, Abimael, Sheba, 29 Ophir, Havilah and Jobab. All these were sons of Joktan.
a 8 Father may mean ancestor or predecessor or founder; also in verses 13, 15, 24 and 26. b 10 Or Uruk and Akkad— all of
them in c 10 That is, Babylonia d 11 Or Nineveh with its city squares e 15 Or of the Sidonians, the foremost f 21 Or Shem, the older brother of g 23 See Septuagint and 1 Chron. 1:17; Hebrew Mash. h 24 Hebrew; Septuagint
father of Cainan, and Cainan was the father of i 25 Peleg means division.
with Sheba in the south( 1 Kgs 10:1 – 13; 2 Chr 9:1 – 12) and Dedan in the north. 10:8 Nimrod. In Hebrew this name uses a verbal form meaning“ to rebel.” He is connected with warfare, hunting, and ruling cities in Mesopotamia( modern Iraq). He is a mighty hunter and kingdom builder( vv. 9 – 12), and his name may suggest that he is“ against Yahweh.” Later, both the Assyrians and the Bab ylonians are responsible for the destruction of Israel and Judah, respectively. In the light of how violence is picked up in the early chapters of Genesis, Nimrod appears to be the antithesis of what God wants, using power to build cities and kingdoms that stand in opposition to God’ s kingdom and city. 10:10 Nimrod’ s lordship of Bab ylon and Shinar( the ancient name for Bab ylonia) may suggest a connection with the tower of Babel( 11:2,9; see note on 11:9). Uruk [ Erech ], Akkad and Kalneh. The region of Bab ylon along the southern Euphrates River. 10:11 Assyria. Along the Tigris River north of Uruk, Akkad, and Kalneh. Nineveh. A capital of Assyria. Rehoboth Ir. The Hebrew means“ squares / spaces of( the) city”( see NIV text note). Calah. An Assyrian city. 10:12 Resen. Unknown. 10:13 – 14 The names are organized according to the number of consonants they contain rather than any geographic relationship. Ludites. Lydia in western Turkey. Anamites. Unknown. Lehabites. May be Libyans, though the name is spelled differently elsewhere( 2 Chr 12:3; 16:8; Isa 66:19; Ezek 30:5; Dan 11:43; Nah 3:9). Naphtuhites, Pathrusites, Kasluhites. Associated with the delta, southern Egypt, and elsewhere in northern Egypt( before Kasluhites moved to Greek islands, possibly where the Philistines came from). Caphtorites. Cretans. 10:15 – 19 Sidon. A coastal Lebanese city; Sidonians is another name for Phoenicians. Hittites, Jebusites, Amorites, Girgashites, Hivites. Inhabitants of Canaan who are to be removed when God gives the land to Israel( Deut 7:1; Josh 3:10). They probably originated in south Turkey( the Hittites were a kingdom in Turkey) and northwest Syria( if the Amorites are Amurru [ Josh 13:4 ] and not the inhabitants of the hill country near the Jordan River [ Deut 1:4,7 ]). Arkites, Sinites, Arvadites, Zemarites and Hamathites. Kingdoms in northwest Syria. Canaan. An area known in Egyptian records of the second millennium BC and in early biblical texts( Num 13:17,21 – 22; 34:3 – 12; Josh 1:4) but not later. Gaza. Ancient and modern city at the southern boundary of Canaan along the Mediterranean. The eastern border of Canaan is the Jordan Valley, with Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah and Zeboyim( 14:2,8) southward and Lasha( Israelite Dan; Judg 18:29) in the north. 10:21 – 31 Ch. 11 repeats these descendants except for Joktan, the brother of Peleg( whose name means“ divide, division”; see v. 25). Most of the places are east of the land of Israel. 10:22 sons of Shem. Shem is the origin of the term Semite. Elam. At the Persian Gulf. Ashur. A capital of Assyria( see v. 11 and note). Aram. The Arameans north and east of the land of Israel. 10:23 Uz. Job’ s land( Job 1:1). Hul, Gether. Appear elsewhere only in 1 Chr 1:17. Meshek. See note on v. 2. 10:25 Eber. This is the name from which the term“ Hebrew” is derived. the earth was divided. This may refer to the division of people in 11:1 – 9( see 10:8 – 12 and notes). 10:26 Joktan. Most of the descendants of Joktan are unknown. 10:27 Hadoram. Related to Syrian Hamath( v. 18; 1 Chr 18:9 – 10). Uzal. Associated with Danites and Greeks( Ezek 27:19“ Izal”). 10:28 Sheba. See v. 7 and note. 10:29 Ophir. Coastal land famous for gold( 1 Kgs 9:28; 10:11; 22:48). Havilah. See v. 7; 2:10 – 14 and notes. Jobab. The name of an Edomite king( 36:33; 1 Chr 1:44) and a king of Madon, north of the land of Israel( Josh 11:1).