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Lowest Cost Energy: Clean Under-Utilized Methane
3: Methane Hydrate extraction, CBM/CSG
:
• Currently officially applied or tested main methods are Thermal injection(hot
water/steam), Depressurization, & CO2 replacement methods etc.
• Temporal wells: Ignik Sikumi(US), Mallik(Canada), Atsumi Peninsula 400m off
Coast (Japan), Permanent types;(Mount Elbert)(US), all negligible production
volume (0.01million m3/day range): Some of known participators:
ConocoPhillips, BP, Vnnigaz Gazprom «Газпром ВНИИГАЗ», Oil and Natural
Gas Corporation of India, GNS Science, German gas hydrate initiative,
JMH, JAPEX
,
,
, 가스하이드레이트 사업단 Gas Hydrate R&D Organization.
Also smaller private operators participation: Hydrate Resources Corporation+
: Started as coal mine de-
gasification program for safety in 1980s in US. Natural gas contained in highly
porous coal molecule structure & seams in relation to bacterial
action/generation(speed of CH4 production seem to widely vary by conditions),
also fair volume of Methane would be additionally produced by injecting CO2
into the coal bed which bacteria reduces (removing oxygen) to Methane for
future yield(Golding-Rudolph-Esterle+): (see Abiotic oil p375-380)
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linkedin.com/in/newnatureparadigm -Ben Rusuisiak: Specialty Cleantech Analysis, Vancouver, Canada