NHD Theme Book 2015 | Page 38

A Rabe, who protected more than 200,000 Chinese citizens from torture and death during the Japanese incursion. Rabe’s efforts provide an inspiring example of how one individual embraced responsibility in a horrific situation not of his making and not under his control. late-night flight took us next to Changsha, where we visited the Hunan Normal School and met 10 young women studying to become tour guides. They practiced their English on us, lecturing on Chinese history, and then lunched with us at a restaurant purported to be Mao’s favorite. Over dishes of “fatty pork” and “stinky tofu,” we talked how China’s one-child policy had affected them. Later we visited Orange Island, where there’s a huge stone bust of Mao, and then traveled to Shaoshan, Mao’s hometown, where we had lunch at a restaurant owned by a woman who knew Mao and his family well. Ms. Tan, who is 85, talked about how she survived Mao’s regime and ultimately became a wealthy restaurateur. She had managed to prosper as a private businesswoman despite the harshest restrictions. Our discussion with her (through a translator) helped us better understand the complexity of China’s economic system. On day eight we flew to Xi’an, the ancient center of Chinese civilization and the Silk Road’s eastern terminal. Visiting the famous terra cotta warriors, the city walls, and other archaeological sites gave us all a better appreciation of the long line of Chinese rulers who had led this nation before Mao. We took a night train to our last city, Beijing. Here we walked the courtyards of the Forbidden City and also stood in Tiananmen Square, expanding our historical knowledge across centuries of Chinese political culture. Our tour had given all of us a better understanding of the transformations that have brought this nation into the twenty-first century, where globalism and layered economic practices bring new challenges. While in Beijing, we made a trip to the Great Wall, a site that no visitor should miss out on. While there, everyone should take the time to walk at least a part of this ancient fortress, which kept out marauders and provided jobs for many laborers over many years. Today the Wall serves as a major tourist attraction, bringing revenues from throngs of visitors. A visit to the Summer Palace and a lecture at Tsinghua University capped off our trip. We had seen a tiny part of this huge country, and met some lovely people along the way. And in the process I had found a response to the question I started out with, about whether a leader is successful if his policies bring negative or even tragic outcomes to his followers. I not only have an answer, I also have a plan for challenging my History Day students to look at leadership from perspectives they may have never before considered. 2013 China Institute participants meeting with Chinese students in Hunan. NATIONAL HISTORY DAY 2015 35