New Water Policy and Practice Volume 1, Number 1 - Fall 2014 | Page 40

New Water Policy and Practice

References

and environmental boundaries through
appropriate international treaties. Cooperation on IWRM could be structured
around south-south and/or triangular
cooperation in coordination with professional associations, river organizations,
NGOs and intergovernmental institutions.

Biswas, A.K. 2004. “Integrated Water Resources Management: A Reassessment.” Water International 29 (2): 248-256.
Giordano, M. 2012. “Non-Integrated Water Resources Management.” IWMI. November 2012. http://www.slideshare.net/
IWMI_Media/nonintegrated-water-resources-management.

VI - Epilogue
The IWRM concept has emerged as a plausible way to bring a multi-stakeholders approach to worsening water security from
floods, droughts and bad water quality.
However, the need for continued stakeholder empowerment in managing water across
sectors seems to be a challenge for traditional managers to adopt this approach across
all uses of water. A number of institutional, policy and capacity issues have emerged
with growing disbelief of managers whether
IWRM can be applied at a practical level.
While acknowledging complex implementation challenges, IWRM remains as a key
tool for conceptualising, planning, implementing and managing wicked water problems through broader consensus of competing stakeholders. UNESCO, wider UN and
International NGOs are working on a number of initiatives to help stakeholders achieve
water security through local and global actions using IWRM at the river basin level,
however their efforts must have local ownership by river basin stakeholders. Despite
its all shortcoming IWRM continues to offer
integration across sectors, programmes and
groups of society over time. There is a need
to design and implement individual activities to facilitate longer term positive societal
change in river basins. IWRM is not a silver
bullet to solve all water problems but a coordinated process to be followed step by step
and level after level over time in an evolutionary and adaptive manner.

Heath, T. October 2010. “Pragmatic But
Principled.” Background Report on Integrated Water Resources Management, Cranfiled
University. http://www.wsup.com/sharing/
documents/IWRMBackgroundReport2010.
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Khan, S. 2008. “Turning Concepts Into
Community Driven Catchment Water Management Solutions.” Foreword to the special
HELP edition Water SA 34 (4): 429-431.
Khan, S., Rana, T. and Hanjra, M.A. 2010a. “A
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Investments: An Example from Australia.”
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Khan, S., Rana, T., Yuanli, C. and Blackwell,
J. 2006. “Can Irrigation be Sustainable?” Agricultural Water Management 80: 87-99.
Khan, S., Savenije, H. and Demuth, S. 2010b.
“Tools for Analysing Hydrocomplexity and
Solving Wicked Water Problems: A Synthesis.” In New Tools for Solving Wicked Water
Problems, eds. S. Khan, H. Savenije, S. Demuth, and P. Hubert. IAHS Publication 338,
145-158, Wallingford.
Nakajo, Y. 2010. “A Spiral Approach to
IWRM: the IWRM Guidelines at River basin Level.” In Hydrocomplexiety: New Tools
38