Network Magazine Winter 2019 | Page 31

The modern ‘3 meals a day plus snacks’ lifestyle means that many of us are in an anabolic, or growth, phase most of the time 7. What about bone broth? This is potentially useful during longer fasts, but it has enough nutrients in it to push up insulin, reducing autophagy. 8. What about longer fasts? In our experience, 2 to 5-day fasts are challenging and should probably be restricted to being a once or twice a year activity. They are stressful on the body, can undermine metabolic rate if you are not careful, and affect quality of sleep. They can be useful for immune system regeneration and you will learn something about yourself if you do one. 9. Won’t I just overeat in the eating window? You will certainly eat more than you normally would have during that time, but typically not as much as you would have overall if you hadn’t fasted at all. In other words, the science shows us that this is an effective way to decrease overall intake. It is possible to overeat in the refeeding period, but being mindful and maintaining some rules around avoiding processed junk food will help prevent this. 10. Is it better to fast in the morning or evening? Research shows a marginally better effect of eating during the morning and fasting through the afternoon and overnight. However, be aware that this is behaviourally very hard. You are always hungrier at night because of the circadian rhythms. I think a more sustainable behavioural method is to skip breakfast, get busy, miss lunch, and eat good food when you get home. Be aware that the ‘Steve Jobs rule’ applies here. Jobs wore the same clothes – no matter what – in order to reduce expending time and effort on the things that didn’t matter to him and spend more on those that did. You can apply similar thinking to fasting, although in this scenario it’s more about making it easier to stay on track and avoid sabotaging your good intentions through impulsive food choices. Having ‘go-to’ meals and establishing a pattern around what and when you eat (or don’t eat) will help you stick to the fast. 11. What happens when I eat junk food? What happens is that you will have eaten junk food. At least enjoy it if you do! Then you’ll need a behavioural technique to make sure you don’t keep doing it from then on. I like the 3-meal rule for this. Things aren’t always going to go to plan. It’s what you do 90% of the time that counts, and enjoying celebrations without guilt is important. So, up to three treat meals a week is fine for good health, and one a week – or less frequently – for fat loss. 12. What do I tell people about my not eating? You could tell them that you are experimenting with fasting and you’ve found this and that out. But what is more important is what you tell yourself. We all have different reasons for changing our diets. What’s yours really? Knowing that is critical, because sticking to nutrition rules and patterns is quite hard and requires effort, at least some of the time. Ask yourself the hard questions about what you want out of life, and how much effort you are prepared to put in. This isn’t about judgement: it’s about knowing whether you really want to achieve your health and/or fat loss goals or not. Find your truth, otherwise, what’s the point of putting in the effort? Grant Schofield Grant is Professor of Public Health at Auckland University of Technology in New Zealand. Well-known for his work around low carb and ketogenic eating, he is the author of several books including What the Fat? and What the Fast? and has a reputation for challenging conventional health wisdom. profgrant.com / twitter.com/grantsnz / facebook.com/Prof.Grant NETWORK WINTER 2019 | 31