Network Magazine Autumn 2019 | Page 45

THE QUICK READ • We all have a short-term mind that cares only about immediate gratification, and a mind that is willing to tolerate discomfort in order to reach long-term goals • By appreciating this constant state of inner conflict, we can understand why clients often behave in a manner that is contradictory to their stated commitment to their fitness goals • Willpower is the ability to do what matters most, even when it’s difficult or when some part of us doesn’t want to • Certain behaviours can be managed to strengthen the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the area of the brain responsible for willpower • Reducing alcohol intake, hunger, stress, and poor quality sleep can strengthen willpower, as can exercising and meditating. What strengthens willpower? Two researchers conducted a study using a technique to improve willpower. At the end of the study the participants reported the following: - improved attention span - improved ability to tune out distraction - less smoking, drinking, and caffeine - less junk food, more healthy food - less television - more studying - saving more money, fewer impulse purchases - more in control of emotions - less procrastination, and better at being on time. So, what was the miracle drug? Physical exercise! Now I realise I am preaching to the converted, but it is important to keep in mind how powerful exercise is. Physical exercise induces structural and functional changes across different brain regions, including making the PFC larger. In the research conducted on this topic, participants started off slowly with exercise – going to the gym once a week for the first month and slowly increasing frequency and intensity after that. To start getting all of the benefits listed above, support your clients in making an exercise plan that is consistent, and not overwhelming. Physical exercise is the first strategy to strengthen willpower, the second strategy, and the one you may not have tried, is meditation. The holy grail of willpower If you aren’t familiar with meditation – it is essentially a practice of sitting still, focusing your attention on one point and when your mind wanders (which it will), noticing that it has wandered and coming back to the one point of focus. Often this one point of focus might be your breath. Meditation is without a doubt the most direct way to strengthen your willpower capacity – it is a practice in willpower. It is well established that meditating activates your PFC and leads to an increase in the concentration of grey matter in that area of the brain over time. Meditation improves a wide range of willpower skills, including attention, focus, stress management, impulse control and self-awareness. It changes both the function and structure of the brain to support willpower. For example, regular meditators have more grey matter in the PFC. And it doesn’t take a lifetime of practice, brain changes have been observed after eight weeks of brief daily meditation training. The following meditation technique will get the blood rushing to your PFC, which is pretty much the closest we can get to directly strengthening your willpower capacity. 1. Sit still and stay put. You can either sit on a chair with your feet flat on the ground or sit on the floor with your legs crossed. Try to resist the impulses to move: see if you can ignore itches and urges to change your position. Sitting still is an important part of meditation because it teaches you not to follow your impulses automatically. 2. Turn your attention to your breath. Close your eyes and focus on your breathing. In your mind say ‘inhale’ when you breathe in, and ‘exhale’ when you breathe out. When you notice that your mind is wandering, bring it back, and keep focusing on your breathing. This activates the PFC and quiets the stress and craving centres of your brain. 3. Notice how it feels to breathe and how the mind wanders. After a few minutes, drop the words ‘inhale’ and ‘exhale’, and focus solely on the sensation of breathing. Your mind might wander a bit more without these words. However, when you notice that you are thinking about something else, bring your attention back to breathing. You can say ‘inhale’ and ‘exhale’ for few rounds when you find it hard to refocus. This part helps to train both self-awareness and willpower. It’s interesting to note that being bad at meditation is good for willpower. The more your mind wanders, the more you get to bring it back to your breath. By helping your clients develop an exercise habit that is enjoyable enough to become consistent, and encouraging them to introduce even small elements of meditation to their day, you can equip them with the tools to strengthen their willpower and achieve their goals. Dr Morwenna Kirwan, PhD Morwenna is an exercise scientist focusing her research on motivation and behavioural health psychology. With 20 years’ fitness industry experience, her passion lies in translating the latest scientific evidence into highly practical ideas that help people improve their health. morwennakirwan.com / twitter.com/mkirwan 12 – 14 APRIL 2019 / ICC, SYDNEY THE FITNESS INDUSTRY’S BIGGEST WEEKEND IS BACK AND NETWORK MEMBERS SAVE! Morwenna will be sharing her insights into motivation and health behaviour change in her FILEX session: • The Science of Strengthening Willpower Go to FILEX.com.au to check out the full program, featuring sessions on everything from PT and Business, to Group Fitness and Nutrition. Network Members get the best available prices: simply register for the Member Rate using your Network Membership number. NETWORK AUTUMN 2019 | 45