Transportation apps can help people with disabilities navigate public transit but accessibility lags behind
 By Mahtot Gebresselassie
 Smartphone apps have become commonplace tools for travel and navigation . As technology becomes more integrated into transport networks , apps will continue to be indispensable . But many of those apps remain inaccessible to those with various disabilities .
 Many people with disabilities rely on public transit as many do not have a driver ' s license . Planning trips , getting to and from transit stops successfully and navigating transit systems is important .
 My research has shown that smartphone app technology can encourage inclusion by helping people with disabilities better navigate transport systems .
 In the United States , 13 per cent of the population lives with one or more types of disability . Developing apps and other mobility tools can increase their ability to access employment , education , health care and other services .
 Apps and accessibility
 My research , conducted in the U . S ., found that one of the ways transportation-related general audience apps aim to address the travel needs of people with disabilities is by including accessibility features , such as textto-voice conversion . These features increase ease of use for non-disabled people as well . Despite the availability of technology , many apps remain inaccessible , including for cost and lack of mandatory requirements and regulations .
 The cost factor
 Transportation smartphone apps , which require the use of locationbased , real-time information are complex and require more time and cost to develop . The way
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