CV
Questions
HALITOSIS WITH FIXED ORTHODONTIC APPLIANCE VS REMOVABLE ORTHODONTIC ALIGNERS: A PILOT STUDY
CV
Luca LEVRINI
DDS, PhD, Associate Professor President, Dental Hygiene School
Director, Research Centre Cranio Facial Disease and Medicine University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
Assistant Medical Director, Dental Clinic Fondazione Macchi Hospital, Varese, Italy
Professor Luca Levrini is President of the Dental Hygiene School and Director of the University Research Centre on“ Cranio Facial Disease and Medicine”, at the University of Insubria, Department of Surgical and Morfological Sciences in Italy. Assistant Medical Director of the Dental Department at Fondazione Macchi Hospital( Varese, Italy). Free lance journalist. Member of the Medical Council in Como, Italy. Author of more than 180 scientific papers dealing with oral prevention and orthodontics, and free-lance member of some dental and medical journals. Active member of Società Italiana di Ortodonzia and Certificate speaker for Align Technology.
Questions
Which are the VSC?
qa. VSC( volatile sulfur compounds) are hydrogen sulphide H2S, methyl mercaptan CH3SH and dimethylsulfide( CH3) 2S; qb. VSC are sulfur dioxide SO2, methyl mercaptan CH3SH and dimethylsulfide( CH3) 2S; qc. VSC are hydrogen sulphide H2S, dimethyl mercaptan( CH3) 2SH and dimethylsulfide( CH3) 2S; qd. VSC are hydrogen sulphide H2S, methyl mercaptan CH3SH and methylsulfide CH3S.
Which kind of instrument was used to measure the VSC?
qa. A gascromatograph was used to measure the VSC; qb. A halimeter was used to measure the VSC; qc. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the VSC; qd. Salivar strips were used to measure the VSC.
Are VSC levels higher in the orthodontic fixed group( FG) or in the aligner group( AG)?
qa. The FG shows higher level of VSC; qb. The AG shows higher level of VSC; qc. FG and AG show the same VSC level; qd. The FG shows lower level of VSC.
How can the measurement of halitosis be useful in orthodontic treatment?
qa. The measurement of halitosis cannot be used for making an appropriate orthodontic treatment choice; qb. Halitosis is an important factor in order to decide what kind of orthodontic device is better suited for a single patient; qc. The measurement of halitosis is useful to improve the oral hygiene of the patient; qd. Halitosis does not appear during orthodontic treatment.
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