ORAL REHABILITATION
STANDARDIZED ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC INDEXES ALLOW A RELIABLE MEASUREMENT OF MASTICATORY MUSCLES FUNCTION
Riccardo Rosati 1a *, Ekaterina Semelewa 2b, Elena Satygo 2c, Elena P. Ivanova 3d, Francesco Rosati 4e, Alexey Silin 2c, Virgilio F. Ferrario 1b
1
Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
2
North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov, Saint-Petersburg, Russian Federation
3
Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A. I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russian Federation
4
Private Practice, Udine, Italy a
DDS, PhD b
MD, PhD c
MD, DMD d
DMD, PhD e
CDT, Private Practitioner
Received: March 15, 2016 Accepted: Jun 4, 2016
Available online: July 14, 2016
Cite this article: Rosati R, Semelewa E, Satygo E, Ivanova EP, Rosati F, Silin A, Ferrario VF. Standardized electromyographic indexes allow a reliable measurement of masticatory muscles function. Stoma Edu J. 2016; 3( 2): 235-242.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Surface electromyography( sEMG) allows the quantitative and qualitative analysis of muscles recruitment and it is a method currently used in research and in the clinical practice. Considering that sEMG assesses the portion of muscular electrical activity that reaches cutaneous surface, a well-standardized protocol should be used, allowing to remove( or reduce) technical and biological artefacts. Methodology: To evaluate the repeatability of the normalized indexes describing masticatory muscles sEMG, the standardized cutaneous myoelectric activity of Temporalis Anterior and Masseter muscles was recorded twice during a one week interval( Acquisition sessions T1 and T2) in 20 young healthy adults. The data obtained during T1 and T2 were compared. A clinical case was shown as an example of clinical sEMG application. Results: No significant differences in the standardized indexes elaborated by sEMG signals of T1 and T2 acquisition sessions were found, strengthening the effectiveness of the standardization procedure. Conclusion: sEMG indexes allow the evaluation of occlusal-induced proprioceptive mediated muscular recruitment in a reliable way. This measurement protocol can be clinically applied to estimate the muscular adaption to new occlusal conditions or to re-establish physiological muscular coordination. Keywords: sEMG, dental proprioception, occlusion, oral rehabilitation, overlay.
1. Introduction Every day the stomatognathic apparatus constantly performs many physiologic activities, such as speech, mastication, suction, deglutition. The muscles responsible for the mandibular, tongue, hyoid, soft palate, lips movements generate mechanical forces that are dissipated by the hard tissues( bones, temporomandibular joint, teeth). In all these functions several muscle groups are involved and coordinated by the central nervous system under the influence of peripheral inputs. Surface electromyography( sEMG) is a low-cost, non-invasive method usable in research and in dental clinical practice for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of head and neck muscles 1-23. As sEMG does not directly assess the muscular fibers, a well-standardized protocol should be used, allowing to remove( or reduce) technical and biological artefacts. Indeed, the thickness of the hypodermis, crosstalk from different muscles, the instrumental noise and the position of the electrodes relative to the muscle fibers and the motor point can influence the sEMG signal. Taking into account these technical features, a correct sEMG assessment should be performed only with a reproducible protocol, and with standardized ⁄ normalized potentials to remove most of biological and technical noise 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 13. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the repeatability of masticatory muscles
* Corresponding author:
Riccardo Rosati, DDS, PhD, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, I-20133 Milano, Italy Phone: + 39 02 50315390, Fax: + 39 02 50315387, e-mail: riccardo @ riccardorosati. eu
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