ENDODONTICS
CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE PATIENTS
Georgiana Florentina Moldoveanu 1a, Ioana Suciu 1b, Paula Perlea 1c
1
Department of Endodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,“ Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania a
MD, Assistant Professor b
MD, PhD, Associate Professor c
MD, PhD, Associate Professor
Cite this article: Moldoveanu GF, Suciu I, Perlea P. Chronic apical periodontitis in chronic kidney disease patients. Stoma Edu J. 2016; 3( 1): 28-32.
ABSTRACT
Received: April 13, 2016 Received in revised form: April 27, 2016
Accepted: May 3, 2016 Published online: April 20, 2016
Introduction: The involvement of oral-dental infectious pathology in triggering or worsening kidney diseases has been known for a long time. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of chronic apical periodontitis in a group of chronic kidney disease patients and their relationship with the parameters related to renal function. Methodology: Medical parameters of 51 predialysed adults were extracted from the observation charts of the hospital using a registration form. Chronic apical periodontitis has been diagnosed on periapical radiographs by the presence of any radiolucent areas detected in the apical third of teeth. Results: 29.41 % of patients had no periapical lesion, 33.33 % had one periapical lesion, 17.64 % had 2 periapical lesions and the remaining 19.62 % had at least three periapical lesions. Chronic apical periodontitis was not statistically significantly associated with any of the demographic variables. Lower serum albumin levels were significantly associated with a greater number of periapical lesions. In addition, the large number of chronic apical periodontitis was significantly associated with high values of cholesterol. Conclusion: The detection of some abnormal cholesterol and albumin levels during regular investigations of patients with chronic renal failure, require a mandatory dental visits that will be associated with a radiological examination to detect chronic apical periodontitis. The results obtained in our study emphasize the importance of radiological examinations for all patients, prior to kidney transplantation, since they may have teeth with inflammatory lesions, which cannot be clinically detected. Keywords: chronic apical periodontitis, predialysed patients, cholesterol, albumin.
1. Introduction
The oral health of patients with chronic kidney disease( CKD) has become a subject of intense investigation in recent years, not only due to the oral and systemic manifestations of the disease but also due to treatment-related complications. Moreover, the chronic kidney disease is a disease whose incidence is steadily increasing and as a result, a large number of patients are seeking dental care. The possibility that events in the oral cavity may influence systemic diseases has been highlighted by numerous studies on associations and interactions between oral diseases and cardiovascular diseases, myocardial infarction, manifestations during pregnancy, diabetes, and bacterial pneumonia. Research conducted has included epidemiological studies, intervention studies and studies that have attempted to elucidate the mechanisms of action. The results were occasionally contradictory, which is not surprising, given the variations in study designs, populations studied and the statistical analysis used for the studies. 1 The involvement of oral-dental infectious pathology in triggering or worsening kidney diseases has been known for a long time. 2 Most evidence gathered involve infectious outbreak, located in the oral cavity, ingravescence of chronic glomerulonephritis with mesangial deposits of IgA, but also in updating and increasing the rate of other renal diseases progression. In this context, the identification of sources of inflammation in patients with CKD and their removal is a matter of great interest in nephrology but also in cardiology
* Corresponding author: Assoc. Prof. Paula Perlea, MD, PhD 57 Levantica Str., District 3, RO-031402 Bucharest, Romania Tel: + 40744 377 011, Fax: + 40213468888, e-mail: paula. perlea @ gmail. com
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