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TOOTH LOSS AND RISK FACTORS AMONG ELDERLY VIETNAMESE
Table 1. The prevalence of tooth loss for each functional group among elderly Vietnamese
Prevalence of tooth loss(%)
Functional group
Upper jaw
Lower jaw
Both
p-value
Incisor
27.9
30.6
42.2
< 0.001
Canine
15.5
12.0
20.9
< 0.001
Premolar
37.6
34.1
50.4
< 0.001
Molar
77.5
74.8
89.1
< 0.001
Chi-square test.
Table 2 shows that the mean tooth loss for the sample was 7.6(± 7.0). Within each category of predictors, a statistically higher number of lost teeth was found for: the 70-74 age group( Mean ± SD, 8.8 ± 7.9); rural residents( 8.8 ± 7.6); time in education ≤5 years( 10.2 ± 7.7); frequency of teeth cleaning ≤1 time / day( 8.7 ± 7.3); last visit to dentist > 1 year ago( 8.2 ± 7.5); tobacco smoking( 9.4 ± 7.6), and no alcohol drinking( 8.3 ± 7.2). According to the distribution of a number of lost teeth, 27.1 % of the elderly participants had lost 1 – 3 teeth, 23.6 % 4 – 6 teeth, 27.1 % 7 – 16 teeth and 13.6 % > 16 teeth; only 8.6 % had full dentition. There was a significant correlation between the distribution of a number of lost teeth and time in education, and alcohol drinking( p < 0.05, Table 2). Having > 6 lost teeth was statistically significantly related to time in education, frequency of cleaning teeth, tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking( Table 2). However, the odds ratio of losing > 6 teeth was calculated for time in education, tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking. Table 3 shows the odds of having > 6 lost teeth was significantly more frequent among elderly persons with less time in education( OR = 2.2, p < 0.01) and tobacco smoking( OR = 2.8, p < 0.01). However, alcohol drinking was significantly inversely associated with > 6 lost teeth( OR = 0.3, p < 0.01).
Table 2. Mean tooth loss and tooth number class percentages in relation to risk factors Tooth
Dichotomized loss Number of lost teeth(%) number
Variables n(%) p-value a p-value b of lost teeth
Mean ± 0 1-3 4-6 7-16 > 16 ≤6 > 6
SD
Age
65-69
70-74
129( 50)
129( 50)
6.6 ± 6.0
8.8 ± 7.9
0.01 *
10.1
7.0
26.3
27.9
28.7
18.6
26.4
27.9
8.5
18.6
0.07
65.1
53.5
34.9
46.5
Gender
Female
Male
128( 49.6)
130( 50.4)
8.4 ± 7.0
7.1 ± 7.1
0.14
9.4
7.7
18.8
35.4
25.8
21.5
31.2
23.1
14.8
12.3
0.06
53.9
64.6
46.1
35.4
Residence
Rural 121( 46.9) 8.8 ± 7.6 6.6 22.3 25.6 27.3 18.2
54.5 45.5
0.01 * 0.14 Urban 137( 53.1) 6.7 ± 6.4 10.2 31.4 21.9 27.0 9.5 63.3 36.5
Time in education
≤5 years
> 5 years
105( 40.7)
153( 59.3)
10.2 ± 7.7
6.0 ± 5.9
< 0.001
3.8
11.8
19.0
32.7
21.9
24.8
33.3
22.9
21.9
7.8
< 0.001
44.8
69.3
55.2
30.7
Frequency of cleaning teeth
≤1 time / day
132( 51.6)
8.7 ± 7.3
6.8
24.2
21.2
32.6
15.2
52.3
47.7
≥2 times / day
124( 48.4)
6.8 ± 6.7
0.01 *
10.5
29.0
26.6
21.8
12.1
0.24
66.1
33.9
Last visit to a dentist
> 1 year
≤1 year
191( 74.6)
65( 25.4)
8.2 ± 7.5
6.2 ± 5.3
0.02 *
8.9
7.7
23.0
36.9
25.1
20.0
26.7
29.2
16.2
6.2
0.09
57.1
64.6
42.9
35.4
Tobacco smoking
Yes
No
60( 23.4)
196( 76.6)
9.4 ± 7.6
7.3 ± 6.9
0.04 *
8.3
8.7
21.7
28.1
15.0
26.5
38.3
24.0
16.7
12.8
0.12
45.0
63.3
55.0
36.7
Alcohol drinking
Yes
No
56( 21.9)
200( 78.1)
5.9 ± 6.4
8.3 ± 7.2
0.02 *
7.1
9.0
44.7
21.5
21.4
24.5
19.7
29.5
7.1
15.5
0.01 *
73.2
55.0
26.8
45.0
Chronic disease
Yes
No
138( 53.9)
118( 46.1)
7.0 ± 7.1
8.5 ± 6.9
0.10
9.4
7.6
32.7
19.5
21.7
26.3
23.2
32.2
13.0
14.4
0.14
63.8
53.4
36.2
46.6
Total
258
7.6 ± 7.0
8.6
27.1
23.6
27.1
13.6
59.3
40.7
a
Student’ s t-test
b
Chi-square test
* p < 0.05
p-value b
0.06
0.08
0.14
< 0.001
0.02 *
0.28
0.01 *
0.01 *
0.09

128 STOMA. EDUJ( 2016) 3( 2)