The Position of Musical Instruments in Musical History in Continuous Connections with
Affect Theory
Abstract
The emergence of musical instruments is directly connected with the development of human
civilisation. For their construction were used natural materials that closely surrounded people.
At first, they were largely iconic so as they gradually took hold of the social and
entertainment matters. The Arab colonisation of the Iberian Peninsula from the 7 th and 8 th
centuries AD is crucial for the development of European music culture and the use of musical
instruments. The first golden age of the development of musical instruments started since the
mid-16 th century, when vocal and instrumental styles separate themselves in European music
and despite being closely related, they develop in a separate way. In this period, there is
already stabilised the typological development of musical instruments that were divided into
four basic groups – self-tuning, membrane sonorous, wind and string instruments. In the 17 th
and 18 th centuries, the construction and use of musical instruments was largely influenced by
the affective theory and musical rhetoric related to it. It is interesting that various instruments
are attributed to various symbols influenced by various tone systems, which were used in the
musical practice of that time, or are used in different forms until the present day. Naturally
many of these symbols are used in musical practice until the present day. It is interesting that
individual musical instruments, or their combinations, have also therapeutic effects.
Key words:
Musical instruments. History. Arrangement. Typology. Affect theory. Music Rhetoric.
Symbolism. Present day.
Úvod
Vznik hudobných nástrojov siaha do najstarších epoch vývoja ľudskej civilizácie. Ich
vývoj je spojený s narastajúcim rozvojom technického pokroku ľudstva spojením
s pozorovaním prírody, živočíchov, ako aj zvukových javov obklopujúcich príslušníkov
prvotných kultúr a civilizácií. Hudobné nástroje boli zostrojené v prvopočiatkoch ich vývoja
z bežných materiálov obklopujúcich našich dávnych prapredkov, v ktorých objavili
výnimočné a pritom prirodzené akustické vlastnosti. 2 Ostatne mnohé prirodzené materiály,
ako rohy zvierat, rezonančné drevo, či napnutá koža slúžili na výrobu hudobných nástrojov
2
Ostatne prírodné materiály sú stále základnou surovinou pre stavbu hudobných nástrojov. Vo väčšine prípadov
sa syntetické materiály neosvedčili predovšetkým z akustických dôvodov.
2