Municipal Monitor Q3 2017 | Page 37

vehicle testing. Ongoing work includes rolling out a demonstration zone for users in partnership with APMA, forg- ing new partnerships and introducing new digital infrastructure into the exist- ing network. For example, Stratford’s municipally owned local distribution company, Festival Hydro, and high- speed internet provider Rhyzome Networks are currently working to introduce dedicated short-range com- munications technology that will enable more efficient two-way communication as autonomous vehicles evolve and become integrated into public roads. Lidar technology is also being intro- duced to improve autonomous vehicle distance measurement using pulsed laser lights. Continued investment in “ Stratford’s success demonstrates the importance of local innovation, and illustrates the opportunities available to municipalities that invest in digital infrastructure. ” digital infrastructure will enable the advancement of fully connected and autonomous vehicles in Stratford. Stratford’s success demonstrates the importance of local innovation, and illustrates the opportunities available to municipalities that invest in digital infrastructure. However, it is impor- tant to note that Stratford is not the only municipality initiating these mea- sures or benefiting from autonomous vehicle development. For example, Ford is building an autonomous vehicle research and development centre in Ottawa in partnership with Canadian tech firm Blackberry QNX. Similarly, Uber is locating its first research group outside of the United States in Toronto. Kitchener-Waterloo is home to the WATCar Project and the Erwin Hymer Group, both of whom have been testing automated vehicles since 2016. Given the near-ready status of autonomous vehicles, it is clear that all levels of government have work to do, as technology has advanced ahead of conventional public policy. When fully autonomous vehicles arrive, revisions will be required to the Highway Traffic Act and the Motor Vehicle Safety Act, along with other standards and regula- tions. Canadian regulatory frameworks will also require flexibility to accom- modate autonomous vehicles and adapt to changing technology. It will be difficult to establish a consistent and standardized regulatory frame- work for autonomous vehicles that still promotes innovation. Public safety and liability issues will also need to be addressed, along with the privacy issues already being reviewed by the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada as a result of the personal data collected and stored by connected cars. It is clear that the integration of autonomous vehicles will have a significant impact on municipal plan- ning and infrastructure investment. Municipalities may be responsible for maintaining a complex network of digital infrastructure to ensure that driverless cars can adequately com- municate with each other, respond to traffic signals, and can clearly read standardized road signs and lane markings. Maintaining this advanced digital network will require consistent maintenance and upgrades, and will also impact electricity generation and distribution. Accordingly, adequate planning for autonomous vehicles should be initiated as soon as possible, as their technological requirements could divert resources away from other vital local infrastructure. Municipalities can begin preparing for the testing and integration of autonomous vehicles by discussing their potential impact, plan- ning to invest in digital infrastructure, and by investigating public-private partnerships with corporations and research institutions. Driverle ss Ca rs The introduction of driverless vehi- cles will impact public policy at all levels of government. Therefore, government agencies should take a collaborative approach to managing these changes. While disruptive technology presents many challenges, it also offers new opportunities to influence public policy. With adequate planning, municipalities have an exciting opportunity to mod- ernize their digital infrastructure and transportation networks, and to build a new sector of their local economies. The road ahead will have some interesting turns to navigate. Stephanie Potter is a policy and research associate with the City of Stratford.  Consulting Services Include: • Municipal/Education Development Charge Policy and Cost Sharing • Water/Sewer Rate Setting/Water Financial Plans • Building Permit/Planning and Development Fees • Long Range Financial Planning for School Boards and Municipalities • Asset Management/PSAB Compliance • Fiscal and Economic Impact, Service Feasibility and Needs Assessment • Growth Management Strategies/Employment Strategies • Land Needs Studies, Demographics and Fiscal/Economic Impact Analysis • Ward Boundary Reviews Tel: (905) 272-3600 e-mail: [email protected] website: www.watson-econ.ca Municipal Monitor 35