MOTHER NATURE June 2017 | Page 24

24 2017 what is new ? China to Launch its Own Encyclopaedia as a Rival to Wikipedia China plans to launch its own online encyclopaedia next year rivalling Wikipedia and Britain’s Encyclopaedia Britannica. The main objective of this project is to guide public thought. China fears that its citizens who use Wikipedia are being corrupted by foreign influ- ences. The project will be executed under the guid- ance of the state-owned China Publishing Group. The project would be developed in such a way that it serves as a symbol of China’s cultural and techno- logical development and promotes its soft power and international influence. Unlike the Chinese version of Wikipedia, Baidu Baike which are written by volunteers, the new project will rope in the professionals for content creation. For the compilation of the project, nearly 20,000 scholars and academics have been tasked to create more than 300,000 entries before its 2018 launch. The new project Baidu Baike will be based on a pre- viously printed version published in 1993. The second edition was re- leased in 2009. The new project will be released online before publishing the printed version. China has an esti- mated 700 million internet users. According to a study conducted in 2015 by the US think tank Free- dom House, China had the most restrictive online use policies among 65 nations it studied. It ranks below Iran and Syria. China uses a various forms of web censorship called as “The Great Firewall” to protect its national security. Chinese residents cannot even use Facebook and Twitter. In addition to the above restrictions, with effect from June 1, Chinese Internet users will be required to provide their original names when accessing online news sources. First blood test for autism found Scientists from US for first time have developed a blood test to accurately predict whether a child has autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The first of its kind of physiological test for analysing a blood sample opens the door to earlier diagnosis and potential future development of therapeutics. To develop this test, scientists had investigated patterns of several metabolites and found significant differences between metabolites of children with ASD and those that are neurotypical. These differences allowed them to categorise whether an individual is on the autism spectrum. This algorithm by measuring 24 metabolites from a blood sample can tell whether or not an individual has Autism spectrum and even to some degree where on the spectrum they land. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) ASD is characterised as a developmental disability caused by differences in the brain. It is estimated to affect about 1.5% of individuals and The physiological basis for ASD is not known, but genetic and environmental factors are both believed to play a role. People with ASD may communicate, interact, behave, and learn in ways that are different from most other people. Early intervention can improve development, but currently diagnosis depends on clinical observation of behaviour, that is considered as an obstacle to early diagnosis and treatment.