MONETA VOL 21 MONETA VOL 21 | Page 8

Issue No: 21 Moneta The government got the encouragement it needed from the smooth merger of the five associate banks of SBI and Bharatiya Mahila Bank within itself. There was very little annoyance from the trade unions and this has made the Govt. feel that its plan to bring down the number of PSU banks could actually go through. July 2017 taking over Dena Bank or something in the similar vein. Creating too big a bank to clear this mess is simply no solution. What is indeed required is reduction of interference by the Govt. ―We need to question the logic of public sector mergers,‖ says Ravi Aron, a professor of information systems at Johns Hopkins Carey Business School. ―Usually efficiencies are achieved – if ever they are – by eliminating redundant functions and increasing productivity. To achieve these gains, it is necessary to reduce costs through layoffs. But in India retrenchment is taboo – both politically and through law. The Industrial Disputes Act makes it nearly impossible to effect large layoffs in non-managerial workers.‖ Here we would like to address the quote from Jitendra Singh “I believe it would be a mistake to only look at recent history … and ask what should be done next.” – Jitendra V. Singh Currently, Merger, it seems is the remedy for all its pain and fallacies. But that is really a very contrived and skewed way to resolve the crisis. The problem was never the size; it is not the balance sheet which was a problem but the poor lending decisions and more-then-required exposure to large companies. More than the size of the balance sheet, it is the bank's credit appraisal process and the risk control systems which need a complete overhaul. Exactly what efficiencies will be gained by mergers between public sector companies? Before we discuss scale economies and synergies, it is important to understand what they mean. For scale economies to exist, it is necessary to reduce the average unit cost of production of a product or service with increasing volumes. That reduction in costs of production (more generally operating costs) can happen only if labour costs can be pared down. This is very difficult, given the Industrial Disputes Act. Perhaps they may slow down future hiring and drive some gains through voluntary retirement schemes. These gains are not likely to be very high. A big profitable bank taking over smaller stressed banks will put the bigger bank at a disadvantage. The case of SBI and the merger of its associates is different, they are as such subsidiaries, duplicating work and too small to really make any difference. Thus, in case of SBI merging its 5 associates into itself is the right move in the right direction. But what is not right is say, a PNB Warehousing non-performing corporate loans, currently spread over a score of banks, into fewer, 6