Mobile:Engaged compendium Mobile:Engaged compendium | Page 16

Whilst other offences, such as ‘driving without due care and attention’ or ‘failure to maintain proper control of a vehicle’ may be used by the police for occasions when driving is poor but the 2003 law is unhelpful, this can get complicated. Monitoring of ‘the problem’ of mobile phone use by drivers becomes more difficult as some ‘use’ might be hidden in the statistics relating to these other offences - but we cannot assume that all these offences involved a mobile phone. Just as importantly, it is necessary for us to question what members of the public believe is meant by the term ‘use’. Most drivers won’t know the specifics of the law, and will have got their understanding of what they ‘can’ and ‘can’t’ do from shorter, more easily accessible forms of information, such as that provided in the media, and from talking to other road users. The fact that the law only relates to handheld use may encourage drivers to consider ‘use’ to only mean physically demanding, active tasks, such as holding a phone to one’s ear or writing a text message, whereas other more passive (but distracting) actions such as glancing at a phone to see who is calling, or reading a text, may be less likely to be considered problematic. Similarly, in 2018, 25% of those questioned admitted to using a handheld mobile phone while driving, but a larger 39% admitted to using a handheld mobile phone while stationary with the ignition on¹ - which is also, technically, driving. Those that do not consider themselves to be ‘users’ or ‘drivers’ for these reasons may well ignore road safety education aimed at reducing mobile phone use. They also won’t appear in self-report statistics. “I don’t USE my mobile phone while driving. I just check my texts and choose what music I want to listen to”. Deconstructing the law: “Drive” - in 2003, most cars didn’t have the assistive technologies we have today. Do drivers understand when they are actually ‘driving’? “Using” - compare phone functionality from 2003 with what we can do know. “Hand held” - do wearable devices count as held? Why is hands-free use not illegal? “Mobile telephone” - many cars have full phone functionality built-in to the dashboard. What about tablets that are not sold as phones but allow video calling? One of the challenges you may face in relation to action targeted at discouraging hands-free mobile phone use is the suggestion that it is no different to talking to a passenger. However, research has shown that sharing the environment with a driver allows passengers to manipulate their conversation based upon the driving context 2 (what we may call shared situational awareness). However, an individual on the other end of a phone is not aware of complex and evolving driving situations. They are therefore less likely to moderate their conversation based on the extent to which the driver needs to concentrate. ¹ RAC (2018). RAC Report on Motoring 2018. Available from: https://www.rac.co.uk/pdfs/report-on-motoring/rac10483_rom-2018_content_web 2 Drews, F.A., Pasupathi, M. and Strayer, D.L., 2008. Passenger and cell phone conversations in simulated driving. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 14(4), pp.392-400. 16