Military Review English Edition September-October 2013 | Page 72
of loyalty to family, to the team on the field, to the local gang, or to the military unit.2 This loyalty is the default setting—the one our American culture reinforces with movies like Saving Private Ryan, with television like Band of Brothers, and with the endless echo chamber of the media. Military scholars often revert to the same default. In “Why They Fight,” Dr. Leonard Wong, et al., agree heartily with historian S.L.A. Marshall’s observations about loyalty. In Men Against Fire, Marshall wrote, “I hold it to be one of the simplest truths of war that the thing which enables an infantry soldier to keep going with his weapons is the near presence or the presumed presence of a comrade. . . . He is sustained by his fellows primarily and by his weapons secondarily.” When Marshall observed that “Men do not fight for a cause but because they do not want to let their comrades down,” the Army War College authors went further. They argued that, in this modern era, American soldiers often “go to war” for larg \? ?X\????Y[???N? ] ?[?\?K[ ?Z\?K[? HZ?K?\?HY[?[? ??Y[? ] Z\? ?\?[? H\??\?\?^H ???[YH H ? ?]Y?X?\?X?[?? H ?\??] ^H X?H Z\??X[ H ?] Z\???\?Y\???????]8?&\?????]\???H ??[H\? ] ?H?]?H?Y[??K ??Y??] H\?^H ??\??[? ? H??[??H8?'???X???X[ Y\??'H ?[ ?X[??\ [? ]??H[?? ?X???]?H ?[? ??]X?[?\??H[[Y\?[???YH ?\?\?[?? ??\??[?[ ? H?Y???X[ H ? HY[?[? ??Y[?8?'?^ ? [?x?'H ] [? HY\?\?? H?X]Y?H H\?^x?&\???X?X[Y?[?][? H\?8?']?[8?'H??X[ H\??Z[?Y ?[XX?H[??\?Z[? ???\H ] ?[XX?H]?[?Y???H ?Z[?[??[?[?? ?X?[? ?]?\?[[?[?[ [?[??Y\?[? [ ???[? \? ?X[ ][?]?X[ H?X??Y\? H ?[ YK??\ ??[ \????[?[??? ?XZ??]?Y?]?\? Z?H??H? \?[? Z\? \\?8?'H[[[XH???\][???X[ Y\?[? H ??\??[??\?\??'H[? H \?X?YK H\?^H ??\??[?\? ?Y??\?Y ??Y?H ?\?[?\? X?X?[???X?[?? H\?^H]X??]?\?Y?H??HH YX\??%[? HX?\?[??X?[????\??Y[?H ?X[ ??\?]?K?X[ [?] ?HH ?\?[??H[Y\?X?[?Y[?[? ??Y[?]?H?? ?X?XY\?? ?][? H ??\??[?]?[??\? H [?[ZX????\][???X[ Y\?Y[?[? ??Y[? ???YH Z\? [YH[?? Z\? ??Y\?[? H?X?H?[??YX?H\?\?X??X?]\?H ^H??? ?[? ???\ X\?\??X[ ?]\?\?H[?? Y[??Y ?X??[?]\? ? ?\?]H ??[??] ?X????&T?Z[ x?&\???[[? ?X] ? ?8?'???x?'H ??H\??[?[H[??? ???[???X?\??&\?? ]??X?Y ?X] ? ? ?X??[?X?H X??[? H^YH? H\??X[ ??\?^H ??\??[?[ ??Y[ H?YY ??H?X[ ??[???[ \?[Y\? ?]\?8?'?X??[?]\?\?H ?[ X?[? ?Y[?Y?H Z\?????\? ?X?^H?Y[H?X[ H[???? ?[? ?[X?\??\?? Z\? [?] ??'M?[ ???[?\?^H ??\??[?[ ?????H?? ? ?XZ??% ?[?H ?\\?[?\? ??? ?[?H ?\\?[?\? [?]X?[ ?[?H ?\\?[?\? ?X??%?X?]\?H? H?[ \?[ ??\???X[ K??\? ?Z[?[??[?Y X?][? ?\?[H ?Z[????\? \????\ [???X[ H ???[?\?Y[?[? ??Y[?[?\? H ??\??[? ]]?X??Y\?[?X?]?H \?? Z\?Y[?] K?]?X??Y\? \?? H?[ \?KH?]?[?[[Y[??[?\?^H ??\??[?[8?&\?[[?[?[??\??][??%H? ?H\??X[ ? Z\???\?Y\? Z\??] H?YY\? Z\? [?] ?\?? \? [ ?^\?H\?\?[\?[? ?]8?&\??X]????\?[????Y? [?? ?\?] ??\? ?]H?? ?]\? \??X?H??[??\?[?? ] H\?^H ??\??[?\? ?]?\?Y[?? H?^ X?YK?\?[ Z[\?[??X[ H ? H ?X[??\?[??H[????X? ??X[ H ? H\?^K ? ?YH?Z][?[Y?X[??H ? HK?????] ][???X?]\?HY[?] H[?[[?[?[ Y\? ?[X\?[ H?\??[H H[?[??X?HYXH?[Y?X[??H ?YX[ ???\?^H?Y???? ??X?\??[\?^H?Y] ?[?\?\ZH?\?]H?X???[?[? HXYZ[? ?Y?[??] ?YHX\?\???Y?Y NH]Y?\? ? K?
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