Military Review English Edition March-April 2016 | Page 67
CIVIL-MILITARY ENGAGEMENT
TSOC objectives, while those assigned to the 85th CA
Brigade support FORSCOM and geographic combatant command objectives. Because the CME program is
funded with MFP-2, only those soldiers assigned to the
95th are allowed to conduct activities associated with
the CME program.24 Given the vision found in the
AOC, FORSCOM should adopt the CME program
t o support all of the GCC’s regionally aligned forces.
This would allow FORSCOM to enhance DOD-DOS
interoperability, gain greater situational awareness in
targeted regions, and address ineffective governance
that leads to insurgent growth.
Pakistan
wheat drives and addressing local needs. The entire SOF
element was able to capitalize on this access by initiating
FID and intelligence programs, along with the traditional
targeting process. However, as time passed, the short-term
access was no longer the priority for DOS, and the U.S.
ambassador to Pakistan began questioning the effectiveness of SOF programs.27 As with all undergoverned areas,
the ultimate goal should be enabling the host-nation
governance to penetrate the local societies.
Recognizing this potential failure, the SOF element
changed the mission of the CMSE. The new mission
CHINA
Gilgit
Pakistan has experienced
AFGHANISTAN
governance challenges ever
since the British government
Islamabad
established the Pakistani boundaries between 1871 and 1873.
Analysts have noted that undergoverned territories comprise
nearly 60 percent of Pakistan’s
Quetta
territory. This lack of governance
has negative consequences for
Multan
regional stability and impacts
Bahawapur
Nok Kundi
neighboring Afghanistan, Iran,
and India. The main regions in
Sukkur
Pakistan that exhibit this are the
INDIA
Federally Administered Tribal
Areas (FATA), Baluchistan, and
Karachi
Gwadar
Hyderabad
the Southern Punjab.25
The RAND studies depict
Port Muhammad
Pakistan as a country that meets
(Map by Michael Hogg, Military Review, Visual Information Specialist)
Bin Qasim
Arabian Sea
every definition of an undergovPakistan
erned territory. Pakistan historically lacks government
infrastructure in its rural and border areas, transforming
was to work in the U.S. embassy and ensure that all
these areas into undergoverned areas. Those regions along
SOF programs were properly synchronized with the
the border created a governance vacuum, which no one
Mission Strategic Resource Plan.28 In this capacity, the
was ready to fill.26 As we have examined, undergoverned
CMSE worked daily with U.S. Agency for International
territories are the best places for harboring terrorists and
Development (USAID), DOS, and some of their implecriminals, and have the conduciveness for violent extremmenting partners to project Pakistani governance into
ist organizations to grow.
the targeted regions. As a result, the Pakistani governInterviews with SOF and DOS personnel who operment was able to gain a greater foothold into the FATA
ated in Pakistan between 2007 and 2009 provided insight
region.29 For example, as the CMSE gained access and
into how SOF was able to meet their counterterrorist
began to conduct FID with the local governance and
objectives. Initially, the CMSE element was very successful militias, governance infrastructure was created that
at gaining access into the undergoverned regions utilizing
USAID and DOS could work with. Supporting this
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