Military Review English Edition July-August 2016 | Page 40

and Second Army launched the Silicon Valley Innovation
Pilot program and participate in Stanford University’s
Hacking4Defense program.17 Proctor and Gamble’s
Connect and Develop program offers an example from
industry. That program allows the company to collaborate with organizations and individuals around the world
to systematically search for techno logies, packages, and
products it can improve, scale up, and market on its own
or together with other companies.18
Cyberspace’s volatile nature and its rapid turnover of
technology and practices require a flexible and adaptable
cyber force. As the Army addresses ongoing and future
operational challenges, cyberspace operations’ role will
increase at all levels of warfare. Cyberspace is becoming
inextricably linked to land dominance. As evidenced in
Ukraine, tactical applications of cyber effects will become
the norm, with cyber capabilities integrating with maneuver and mission command. We must learn from ongoing
conflicts that highlight the emerging challenges of cyberspace operations, information operations, and electronic
warfare. We must then apply these lessons in our policies
and doctrine, and at our combat training centers.
Many in industry, along with McChrystal, have
learned the futility of five-year strategic plans in dynamic
environments accentuated with uncertainty. To combat
this, they seek adaptive advantage. Units such as the 780th
Military Intelligence Brigade and the U.S. Army Cyber
Protection Brigade—where teams are at the forefront of

our ongoing cyberspace operations—are already making
strides. Their continual integration into combat training
center rotations is allowing cyber teams to act on change
while experimenting rapidly not only with equipment and
services but also with models, processes, and strategies.
The “cyber rifle” tool fabrication demonstrates
that empowered individuals working collaboratively
will find adaptable solutions to operational problems.
Commanders must emplace a network of systems and
processes to facilitate the ingenuity of these rapid innovations as they lead to adaptation. Organizing for adaptation
is how we will take advantage of the emergent characteristics of cyberspace. Empowered cyber teams are the answer
to adapting to this operational challenge.

Conclusion
The increasing overlap of information and operating
environments requires the Army to rethink how it addresses innovation to address the Army’s operational challenges. Paradigms are shifting. Future dominance on land
depends largely on how successful we are in cyberspace
operations. To ensure dominance, leaders must prioritize
innovation and create the conditions where innovation
can thrive. The Army must reframe how it leverages
external innovation while also fostering the promise of internal innovators in the force. The Army must make these
changes if we are to remain relevant and ready to face our
adversaries in both the land and cyber domain.

Biographies
Lt. Gen. Edward C. Cardon, U.S. Army, is the commanding general of U.S. Army Cyber Command and Second Army.
He holds a bachelor’s degree from the U.S. Military Academy, and master’s degrees from the National War College and
the U.S. Naval Command and Staff College. His previous assignments include commanding general of the 2nd Infantry
Division; deputy commandant of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College; and deputy commanding general
(support) for 3rd Infantry Division.
Col. David P. McHenry, U.S. Army, is the G5 of U.S. Army Cyber Command and Second Army. He holds a BA from
the University of Northern Colorado and two MAs from the School of Advanced Military Studies, Fort Leavenworth,
Kansas. He has served in the Pentagon and deployed to Iraq.
Lt. Col. Christopher Cline, U.S. Army, is an Army strategist assigned to U.S. Army Cyber Command and Second Army.
He holds a BS from the U.S. Military Academy, an MPhil from the U.S. Air Force Air University School of Advanced
Air and Space Studies, and an MIA from Texas A&M University. His previous assignments include strategic planner for Eighth Army and regional commander at the Directorate of Admissions at West Point. Cline is the principal
author of this article.
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July-August 2016  MILITARY REVIEW