Medidas de Gestao das Pescarias Marinhas e Aquicultura 2019 The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 | Page 36

PART 1 WORLD REVIEW TABLE 6 AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION OF MAIN GROUPS OF FOOD FISH SPECIES BY CONTINENT, 2016 (thousand tonnes, live weight) Category Africa Americas Asia Europe Oceania World 1 954 1 072 43 983 502 5 47 516 0 68 2 965 0 0 3 033 Inland aquaculture Finfish Crustacea Molluscs 286 Other aquatic animals Subtotal 286 1 531 1 954 1 140 47 765         3 739 1 830 Marine and coastal aquaculture Finfish 17 906 531 502 5 51 367     82 6 575 Crustacea 5 727 4 091 0 6 4 829 Molluscs 6 574 15 550 613 112 16 853 Other aquatic animals 0 402 0 5 407 23 781 2 443 205 28 664 Subtotal All aquaculture Finfish 28   2 207           1 972 1 978 47 722 2 332 87 54 091 Crustacea 5 795 7 055 0 7 7 862 Molluscs 6 574 15 835 613 112 17 139 Other aquatic animals Total 0 1 933 0 5 939 1 982 3 348 71 546 2 945 210 80 031 » t y pically practised in a freshwater of total production from inland aquaculture. However, this proportion was down from 97.2 percent in 2000, ref lecting relatively strong growth in the farming of other species groups, particularly crustaceans in inland aquaculture in Asia, including shrimps, crayfish and crabs (Table 6). Inland aquaculture production includes some marine shrimp species, such as white-leg shrimp, that can grow in freshwater or inland saline-alkaline water after acclimatization. environment in most countries. In a small number of countries (e.g. China and Eg ypt), aquaculture with saline-alkaline water is carried out with suitable species in areas where soil conditions and the chemical properties of available water are inhospitable for conventional food grain crops or pasture. Earthen ponds remain the most commonly used t ype of facilit y for inland aquaculture production, although raceway tanks, above- ground tanks, pens and cages are also widely used where local conditions allow. Rice–fish culture remains important in areas where it is traditional, but it is also expanding rapidly, especially in Asia. Marine and coastal aquaculture Marine aquaculture, also known as mariculture, is practised in the sea, in a marine water environment, while coastal aquaculture is practised in completely or partially human-made structures in areas adjacent to the sea, such as coastal ponds and gated lagoons. In coastal aquaculture with saline water, the salinit y is less stable than in mariculture because of rainfall or evaporation, depending on the season and location. On the world level, it is hard to disting uish between mariculture and coastal In 2016, inland aquaculture was the source of 51.4 million tonnes of food fish, or 64.2 percent of the world’s farmed food fish production, as compared with 57.9 percent in 2000. Finfish farming still dominates inland aquaculture, accounting for 92.5 percent (47.5 million tonnes) | 20 |