Medidas de Gestao das Pescarias Marinhas e Aquicultura 2019 The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 | Page 36
PART 1 WORLD REVIEW
TABLE 6
AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION OF MAIN GROUPS OF FOOD FISH SPECIES BY CONTINENT, 2016
(thousand tonnes, live weight)
Category
Africa Americas
Asia
Europe
Oceania
World
1 954 1 072 43 983 502 5 47 516
0 68 2 965 0 0 3 033
Inland aquaculture
Finfish
Crustacea
Molluscs
286
Other aquatic animals
Subtotal
286
1 531 1 954 1 140 47 765
3 739 1 830
Marine and coastal aquaculture
Finfish
17
906
531
502
5
51 367
82
6 575
Crustacea 5 727 4 091 0 6 4 829
Molluscs 6 574 15 550 613 112 16 853
Other aquatic animals 0 402 0 5 407
23 781 2 443 205 28 664
Subtotal
All aquaculture
Finfish
28
2 207
1 972 1 978 47 722 2 332 87 54 091
Crustacea 5 795 7 055 0 7 7 862
Molluscs 6 574 15 835 613 112 17 139
Other aquatic animals
Total
0 1 933 0 5 939
1 982 3 348 71 546 2 945 210 80 031
» t y pically practised in a freshwater
of total production from inland aquaculture.
However, this proportion was down from 97.2
percent in 2000, ref lecting relatively strong
growth in the farming of other species groups,
particularly crustaceans in inland aquaculture in
Asia, including shrimps, crayfish and crabs
(Table 6). Inland aquaculture production includes
some marine shrimp species, such as white-leg
shrimp, that can grow in freshwater or inland
saline-alkaline water after acclimatization.
environment in most countries. In a small
number of countries (e.g. China and Eg ypt),
aquaculture with saline-alkaline water is
carried out with suitable species in areas
where soil conditions and the chemical
properties of available water are inhospitable
for conventional food grain crops or pasture.
Earthen ponds remain the most commonly
used t ype of facilit y for inland aquaculture
production, although raceway tanks, above-
ground tanks, pens and cages are also widely
used where local conditions allow. Rice–fish
culture remains important in areas where it is
traditional, but it is also expanding rapidly,
especially in Asia.
Marine and coastal aquaculture
Marine aquaculture, also known as mariculture,
is practised in the sea, in a marine water
environment, while coastal aquaculture is
practised in completely or partially human-made
structures in areas adjacent to the sea, such as
coastal ponds and gated lagoons. In coastal
aquaculture with saline water, the salinit y is less
stable than in mariculture because of rainfall or
evaporation, depending on the season and
location. On the world level, it is hard to
disting uish between mariculture and coastal
In 2016, inland aquaculture was the source of
51.4 million tonnes of food fish, or 64.2 percent
of the world’s farmed food fish production, as
compared with 57.9 percent in 2000. Finfish
farming still dominates inland aquaculture,
accounting for 92.5 percent (47.5 million tonnes)
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