Medidas de Gestao das Pescarias Marinhas e Aquicultura 2019 The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 | Page 27

THE STATE OF WORLD FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE 2018
FIGURE 3
4 000 400
3 500 350
3 000 300
2 500 250
2 000 200
1 500 150
1 000 100
500 50
0
0
1970 1972 1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
Shrimps
Crabs
Lobsters
Gastropods
NOTE: Values for shrimps and crabs on the left axis, values for lobsters and gastropods on the right axis.
» As in 2014, Alaska pollock (Theragra
early 1980s, clams in the late 1980s, mussels in
the early 1990s – while catches of scallops
reached the maximum ever in 2011 but have since
declined by one-third. Negative trends of bivalve
species groups could be a result of pollution and
degradation of marine environments, as well as
trends favouring aquaculture production for some
of these species.
chalcogramma) again surpassed anchoveta as the
top species in 2016 (Table 3), with the highest
catches since 1998. However, preliminar y data for
2017 showed a significant recover y of anchoveta
catches. Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis)
ranked third for the seventh consecutive year.
After five years of continuous growth that
started in 2010, catches of cephalopods were
stable in 2015 but dropped in 2016. The three
major squid species –jumbo f lying squid
(Dosidicus gigas), Argentine shortfin squid
(Illex argentinus) and Japanese f lying squid
(Todarodes pacificus) – decreased by 26, 86 and
34 percent, respectively, for a combined loss of
1.2 million tonnes between 2015 and 2016.
All the most valuable species groups with
significant production – lobsters, gastropods,
crabs and shrimps, with an estimated average
value by group of USD 8 800 to USD 3 800 per
tonne – marked a new catch record in 2016.
Although their historical catch trends show
several annual ups and downs, their rising
trajectories have been basically steady throughout
the years (Figure 3). However, it is difficult to state
whether the reason for these positive trends is
ecological or economic (e.g. an increasing focus
Capture production of other mollusc groups
started declining much earlier – oysters in the
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CATCH TRENDS OF VALUABLE SPECIES GROUPS