Medidas de Gestao das Pescarias Marinhas e Aquicultura 2019 The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 | Page 40

PART 1 WORLD REVIEW
TABLE 7
(CONTINUED)
Species item
2010
2012 2014 2016 % of total, 2016
Molluscs
Cupped oysters nei, Crassostrea spp. 3 678 3 972 4 374 4 864 28
Japanese carpet shell, Ruditapes
philippinarum 3 605 3 775 4 014 4 229 25
Scallops nei, Pectinidae 1 408 1 420 1 650 1 861 11
Marine molluscs nei, Mollusca 630 1 091 1 135 1 154 7
Sea mussels nei, Mytilidae 892 969 1 029 1 100 6
Constricted tagelus, Sinonovacula
constricta 714 720 787 823 5
Pacific cupped oyster, Crassostrea gigas 641 609 624 574 3
Blood cockle, Anadara granosa 466 390 450 439 3
Chilean mussel, Mytilus chilensis 222 244 238 301 2
1 808 1 683 1 748 1 795 11
14 064 14 874 16 047 17 139 100
Chinese softshell turtle, Trionyx sinensis 270 336 345 348 37
Japanese sea cucumber, Apostichopus
japonicus 130 171 202 205 22
Aquatic invertebrates nei, Invertebrata 223 128 111 97 10
82 86 97 96 10
Other miscellaneous animals 112 118 139 193 21
Other animals total 818 839 894 939 100
Other molluscs
Molluscs total
Other animals
Frogs, Rana spp.
Aquatic plants
Of the 30 million tonnes of farmed seaweeds
produced in 2016 (Table 9), some species (e.g.
Undaria pinnatifida, Porphyra spp. and
Caulerpa spp., produced in East and Southeast
Asia) are produced almost exclusively for
direct human consumption, although low-
grade products and scraps from processing
factories are used for other purposes,
including feed for abalone culture.
In 2016, aquaculture was the source of 96.5
percent by volume of the total 31.2 million tonnes
of wild-collected and cultivated aquatic plants
combined.
Global production of farmed aquatic plants,
overwhelmingly dominated by seaweeds, grew
in output volume from 13.5 million tonnes in
1995 to just over 30 million tonnes in 2016
(Table 8). The rapid growth in the farming of
tropical seaweed species (Kappaphycus
alvarezii and Eucheuma spp.) in Indonesia as
raw material for carrageenan extraction has
been the major contributor to growth in
farmed aquatic plant production in the recent
past. Indonesia increased its seaweed farming
output from less than 4 million tonnes in 2010
to over 11 million tonnes in 2015 and 2016.
Although FAO recorded 89 000 tonnes of
farmed microalgae from 11 countries in 2016,
88 600 tonnes were reported from China.
Farming of microalgae such as Spirulina spp.,
Chlorella spp., Haematococcus pluvialis and
Nannochloropsis spp., ranging in scale from
backyard to large-scale commercial production,
is well established in many countries for
production of human nutrition supplements and
other uses. The FAO data understate the real »
| 24 |