Medidas de Gestao das Pescarias Marinhas e Aquicultura 2019 The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 | Page 20

PART 1 WORLD REVIEW
TABLE 1
WORLD FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION AND UTILIZATION (MILLION TONNES) a
Category
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Inland 10.7 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.6
Marine 81.5 78.4 79.4 79.9 81.2 79.3
Total capture 92.2 89.5 90.6 91.2 92.7 90.9
Inland 38.6 42.0 44.8 46.9 48.6 51.4
Marine 23.2 24.4 25.4 26.8 27.5 28.7
Total aquaculture 61.8 66.4 70.2 73.7 76.1 80.0
154.0 156.0 160.7 164.9 168.7 170.9
130.0 136.4 140.1 144.8 148.4 151.2
24.0 19.6 20.6 20.0 20.3 19.7
7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.3 7.4
18.5 19.2 19.5 19.9 20.2 20.3
Production
Capture
Aquaculture
Total world fisheries and aquaculture
Utilization
b
Human consumption
Non-food uses
Population (billions)
c
Per capita apparent consumption (kg)
Excludes aquatic mammals, crocodiles, alligators and caimans, seaweeds and other aquatic plants.
Utilization data for 2014–2016 are provisional estimates.
c
Source of population figures: UN, 2015e.
a
b
» World total marine catch was 79.3 million tonnes
in 2016, representing a decrease of almost
2 million tonnes from the 81.2 million tonnes in
2015. Catches of anchoveta by Peru and Chile,
which are often substantial yet highly variable
because of the inf luence of El Niño, accounted for
1.1 million tonnes of this decrease, with other
major countries and species, particularly
cephalopods, also showing reduced catches
between 2015 and 2016. Total marine catches by
China, by far the world’s top producer, were
stable in 2016, but the inclusion of a progressive
catch reduction policy in the national Thirteenth
Five-Year Plan for 2016 –2020 is expected to result
in significant decreases in the following years.
As in 2014, Alaska pollock again surpassed
anchoveta as the top species in 2016, with the
highest catches since 1998. However, preliminar y
data for 2017 showed a significant recover y of
anchoveta catches. Skipjack tuna ranked third
for the seventh consecutive year. Combined
catches of tuna and tuna-like species levelled off
at around 7.5 million tonnes after an all-time
maximum in 2014. After five years of continuous
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growth that started in 2010, catches of
cephalopods were stable in 2015 but dropped in
2016 when catches of the three major squid
species showed a combined loss of 1.2 million
tonnes. Capture production of other mollusc
groups started declining much earlier – oysters
in the early 1980s, clams in the late 1980s,
mussels in the early 1990s and scallops since
2012. In contrast, the most valuable species
groups with significant production – lobsters,
gastropods, crabs and shrimps – marked a new
catch record in 2016.
The Northwest Pacific continues to be by far the
most productive fishing area, with catches in
2016 of 22.4 million tonnes, slightly higher than
in 2015 and 7.7 percent above the average for the
decade 2005 –2014. All other temperate areas have
shown decreasing trends for several years, with
the sole exception of the Northeast Pacific, where
catches in 2016 were higher than the average for
2005 –2014 thanks to good catches of Alaska
pollock, Pacific cod and north Pacific hake.
Recent drops in catches in the Southwest Atlantic
and the Southwest Pacific were the result of