Medidas de Gestao das Pescarias Marinhas e Aquicultura 2019 The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018 | Page 18

PART 1
WORLD REVIEW
OVERVIEW
continuing impressive growth in the supply of
fish for human consumption (Figure 1). Between
1961 and 2016, the average annual increase in
global food fish consumption 2 (3.2 percent)
outpaced population growth (1.6 percent)
(Figure 2) and exceeded that of meat from all
terrestrial animals combined (2.8 percent). In
per capita terms, food fish consumption grew
from 9.0 kg in 1961 to 20.2 kg in 2015, at an
average rate of about 1.5 percent per year.
Preliminar y estimates for 2016 and 2017 point to
further growth to about 20.3 and 20.5 kg,
respectively. The expansion in consumption has
been driven not only by increased production,
but also by other factors, including reduced
wastage. In 2015, fish accounted for about 17
percent of animal protein consumed by the
global population. Moreover, fish provided
about 3.2 billion people with almost 20 percent
of their average per capita intake of animal
protein. Despite their relatively low levels of fish
consumption, people in developing countries
have a higher share of fish protein in their diets
than those in developed countries. The highest
per capita fish consumption, over 50 kg, is found
in several small island developing States (SIDS),
particularly in Oceania, while the lowest levels,
just above 2 kg, are in Central Asia and some
landlocked countries.
The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
(2030 Agenda for short) offers a vision of a
fairer, more peaceful world in which no one is
left behind. The 2030 Agenda also sets aims for
the contribution and conduct of fisheries and
aquaculture towards food securit y and nutrition,
and the sector’s use of natural resources, in a
way that ensures sustainable development in
economic, social and environmental terms,
within the context of the FAO Code of Conduct
for Responsible Fisheries (FAO, 1995). A major
challenge to implementation of the 2030 Agenda
is the sustainabilit y divide between developed
and developing countries which has partially
resulted from increased economic
interdependencies, coupled with limited
management and governance capacit y in
developing countries. To eliminate this disparit y
while making progress towards the target for
restoration of overfished stocks set by the 2030
Agenda, the global communit y needs to support
developing nations to achieve their full fisheries
and aquaculture potential.
Global fish production 1 peaked at about 171
million tonnes in 2016, with aquaculture
representing 47 percent of the total and 53
percent if non-food uses (including reduction to
fishmeal and fish oil) are excluded. The total
first sale value of fisheries and aquaculture
production in 2016 was estimated at USD 362
billion, of which USD 232 billion was from
aquaculture production. With capture fisher y
production relatively static since the late 1980s,
aquaculture has been responsible for the
Global capture fisheries production was 90.9
million tonnes in 2016, a small decrease in
comparison to the two previous years (Table 1). 3
Fisheries in marine and inland waters provided 87.2
and 12.8 percent of the global total, respectively.  »
2  The term “food fish” refers to fish destined for human consumption,
thus excluding fish for non-food uses. The term “consumption” refers to
apparent consumption, which is the average food available for
consumption, which, for a number of reasons (for example, waste at the
household level), is not equal to food intake.
1  Unless otherwise specified, throughout this publication, the term
“fish” indicates fish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic animals,
but excludes aquatic mammals, reptiles, seaweeds and other aquatic
plants.
3  In the tables in this publication, figures may not sum to totals
because of rounding.
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