Maximum Yield USA September 2018 | Page 69

Another type of coating is used with clover and other legume seeds that includes a rhizobia inoculant to ensure nitrogen-fixing bacteria is present near the sprouted plant. Other coatings include colors for visibility and ease of identification or to minimize seed dust. Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) Genetically modified organisms have had sections of their DNA replaced with DNA from an otherwise incompatible life form. Examples include plants with genes from bacteria, viruses, insects, or animals inserted into their genetic code. This is done to introduce traits not available through standard breeding practices, and to create patentable life that can be owned by the proprietary corporation. For example, Roundup Ready crops are those that have been genetically modified with a gene from bacteria called Agrobacteria allowing for resistance to glyphosate (Roundup). One concern is the use of GMOs can introduce new genetic pressures in associated plants, as in the case of glyphosate-resistant superweeds which have developed in response. “one concern is the use of GMOs can introduce new genetic pressures in associated plants, as in the case of glyphosate-resistant superweeds which have developed in response.” Another concern is the proliferation of GMO crops creates genetic bottlenecks and comes with many of the same drawbacks as clone-only monoculture plants, such as the Gros Michel bananas, where a previously undiscovered pathogen susceptibility to Panama disease resulted in catastrophic blight. Maximum Yield 69