Maximum Yield USA October 2016 | Page 52

YOU WANT WET PLANTS, NOT SOAKED PLANTS While these are all beneficial to plant growth, the downside of getting the process wrong can leave root zones either desiccated between inadequate irrigations, or more commonly, oversaturated, deoxygenated and prone to root dieback and pythium attack. Unlike soil in a field situation, hydroponic systems have a highly restricted root zone volume, which makes moisture and nutrient control and supply far more critical for maximum growth. Irrigation for the Right Substrate Most hydroponic substrates are designed to hold a certain amount of air and moisture between irrigations. However, there are wide variations between different growing mediums with regard to these properties. Luckily, substrates are usually selected based on their suitability for different crops, climates and irrigation systems. Porous and highly free-draining substrates such as LECA (light expanded clay aggregates) chunky perlite, various grow rocks and similar materials drain freely and are highly aerated, but hold less moisture between irrigations than many other mediums. Fine-grade coconut fiber, peat, some grades of stone or rockwool, vermiculite and organic mixes tend to have a much higher water-holding capacity, giving a greater degree of buffering capacity when it comes to root zone moisture content, but are more prone to overwatering, root suffocation and die back. “ Irrigation schedules for different substrates need to be matched to the properties of the medium being used.” Careful selection of emitters in drip systems helps ensure the correct level of irrigation is maintained. 50 Maximum Yield USA  |  October 2016