Maximum Yield USA May 2017 | Page 96

tips & tricks C omposting is nothing new. Nature’s been in the recy- cling business since the beginning of time. Ecosystems recycle waste through bacterial action, and humans have consciously taken advantage of this process for millennia. What is new this century is that about half of humanity now lives in urban areas, a trend that is only accelerating. However, indoor composting is an easy way to turn urban organic garbage into a valuable, nutrient-rich, and odor- less soil amendment for your garden. FIRST, WHAT EXACTLY IS COMPOST? All around us float bacteria, spores, bug eggs, and other invisible things seeking a perfect home. Anything organic, moist, and warm will do. When they find it, the microbes will colonize and build immense “cities.” These communities are incredibly resilient and devour just about anything organic. That’s why food spoils and dead things rot away. The microscopic life forms break down some ugly toxins, too. The waste product of this decomposing process is the small organic molecules that plants must absorb to build their bodies and thrive. All this activity also produces heat. Manure piles get hot enough to steam and rotting hay can set a barn on fire. However, the heat in composting material is normally just enough to kill pathogens and the seeds that sprout weeds. While fungi living in this system require time to develop undisturbed, they still act as managers, maintaining heat and producing carbon dioxide and ammonium (NH 4 ), the form of nitrogen that plants can absorb. Eventually, the fungi take over the compost pile. At that point, even tough fibers end up unrecognizable. Leave the rotting stuff around for a while after it’s cooled and the fungi keep working to break down woody lignins and fully decompose phytotoxins that can harm plants. OK, I’M IN. BUT WHERE DO I START? To start a successful compost pile, make those microorganisms an offer they can’t refuse: a safe and comfy home with lots to eat. A waterproof, knee-high plastic bucket with a tight lid, a drain faucet near the bottom to get rid of excess water, and some drilled holes in the walls for aeration is perfect for a basic indoor composting system. “indoor composting is an easy way to turn urban organic garbage into a valuable, nutrient-rich, and odorless soil amendment for your garden.” 94 grow cycle