Maximum Yield USA June 2018 | Page 77

The next line of defense is regular scouting of the plants and knowing exactly what the early signs of damage are. Mites need to be controlled before they get to the stage when they spin vast quantities of super-fine webbing which is impervious to spray control compounds and provides an unsightly home for more rapid population growth. Early Signs and Symptoms of Mite Infestations Inexperienced growers often miss the early, and sometimes even the later stages, of a mite infestation. This is because the adults are tiny and difficult to see, thus many growers who are new to mite infestations will miss these signs until the damage becomes severe. Those who have battled mites before become well-accustomed to the first signs, which include small white or yellow flecking, often on older foliage. This occurs when mites feed on the leaf epidermis, sucking out cell contents. As the mite population grows, the entire leaf becomes stippled or light in color and may eventually develop a bronze appearance under heavy infestations. Mites then produce the characteristic fine webbing, slung between leaves, over buds and flowers, or the growing points of plants. Mites use this webbing as protection from predators. If left untreated, mites will eventually weaken plants to the point of defoliation. Even milder infestations will significantly reduce yields, quality, and overall productivity. " An integrated approach is often required since there is no one easy fix. Greenhouse growers have had some success in retarding population growth via misting, fogging, or damping down to increase humidity levels.” Control Options for Mites The control of mites has become increasingly difficult over recent years, largely due to the development of pesticide resistance, which occurs rapidly in these pests. It’s also likely there have been other genetic changes in mite populations that have led to their persistence. There is a range of cultural, environmental, and natural control options for long-term successful control. An integrated approach is often required since there is no one easy fix. Greenhouse growers have had some success in retarding population growth via misting, fogging, or damping down to increase humidity levels. However, increasing humidity to levels that deter mites opens the door for fungal diseases if taken too far. Weekly scouting for the initial signs of foliage damage and mites on leaf undersides should become habit. When mites are found, there are a few different courses of action that may be taken. These include insecticide sprays,