Maximum Yield USA August/September 2019 | Page 20

max FACTS Eating Organic Reduces Body’s Pesticide Levels A new University of California study found that eating organically grown food for one week can greatly lower pesticide levels within the body. Researchers found the levels of toxins decreased by an average of 60.5 per cent after six days of organic food consumption. Exposure to pesticides has been linked to many adverse health outcomes including asthma, infertility, hormone imbalances, and impaired cognitive development. This study followed four families from across the US (Oakland, Minneapolis, Baltimore, and Atlanta). From days one through five, participants ate as they normally would. From days six through 11, they followed a strictly organic diet, including condiments and spices. Urine samples were collected to test pesticide levels. The most significant decrease — a 95 per cent drop — was with malathion organophosphates, a highly toxic insecticide linked to brain damage in children. Neonicotinoids also saw a significant decrease — an 83 per cent drop. — foodtank.com Scientists Say Foam Grows Crops Faster Than Soil Researchers from the new Institute for Sustainable Food at the University of Sheffield have found that crops planted in polyurethane foams at an urban farm grow two to 10 times faster than plants grown in soil. Using a network of pipes, nutrient solutions, controlled growing environments, and foams, scientists are growing everything from salad to tomatoes — demonstrating a potential solution to the global crisis of soil fertility. Some 24 billion tons of fertile soil are lost globally to erosion every year. So, experts developed specialist foams that chemically, physically. and biologically resemble soil. Professor Duncan Cameron, director of the Institute for Sustainable Food at the University of Sheffield, says: “The world is facing a crisis of soil fertility. If we’re going to fix this, we need to do something radically different. Urban farms that use foam instead of soil could take a lot of pressure off existing agricultural systems.” — phys.org Plant Virus Helps Target Pests Beneath Soil Researchers have discovered a particular plant virus can deliver pesticide molecules deep below the surface, targeting areas usually beyond pesticide reach. In an article published in Nature Nanotechnology, scientists detail how a biological nanoparticle — a plant virus — can deliver pesticide molecules deep into the soil. This means farmers and growers can better manage difficult pests like parasitic nematodes, which wreak havoc on plant roots deep in the soil. Because pesticides are sticky molecules, they strongly bond with organic matter in soil, making it difficult to penetrate deep down into the root level where pests like nematodes reside and cause damage. To compensate, farmers end up applying large amounts of pesticides, which cause harmful residues to build up in the soil and leach into groundwater. Researchers found Tobacco mild green mosaic virus can transport small amounts of pesticide down to 12 inches below the surface. — sciencedaily.com 20 Maximum Yield