Maximum Yield USA August 2017 | Page 117

Dwindling resources will require innovation within the agricultural industry if this demand is to be met. Traditional farming practices use large amounts of resources, such as land and water, and leave a large environmental impact. It is esti- mated that 550 billion liters of water is wasted annually on crop production and areas once rich in resources now have limited supplies. So, what can be done to ensure future generations are left with the resources they need to grow enough food? Trains, Planes, and Automobiles The journey many of our favorite food staples such as tomatoes, lettuce, peppers, leafy greens, and herbs take to reach our local supermarkets can be a long and sometimes strange one. Often, hundreds of miles are traveled to get from farm to table. A study conducted by the Leopold Center for Sustainable Agriculture in Iowa compared the distance traveled between produce sold through Chicago’s Terminal Market, where bulk quantities of produce are sold by brokers, and a local farmers’ market (Ferry Plaza Farmers’ Market in San Francisco, CA). The study’s findings might be a surprise to many consumers: T erminal Market vs. Ferry Plaza Farmers’ Market Apples: Tomatoes: Grapes: Beans: Peaches: Winter Squash: Greens: Lettuce: 1,555 miles vs. 105 miles 1,369 miles vs. 117 miles 2,143 miles vs. 151 miles 766 miles vs. 101 miles 1,674 miles vs. 184 miles 781 miles vs. 98 miles 889 miles vs. 99 miles 2,055 miles vs. 102 miles “ THESE LONG distances traveled by food consumes large quantities of fossil fuels and emit great amounts of carbon dioxide.” It is estimated the average American meal travels 1,500 miles to its end destination. While this long distance may be a necessity for some crops, there are many instances where locally grown produce is available but still imported due to price, quality, and availability. Apples grown in New Zealand may be imported and sold in San Francisco, right next to the city of Sebastopol, known for its apple production. Sugar cane grown in Hawaii is processed in California, packaged in New York, and then shipped back to Hawaii, where it’s sold to consumers. These long distances traveled by food consumes large quantities of fossil fuels and emit great amounts of carbon dioxide. Our food transportation system currently consumes 20 pounds of fossil fuel for every two pounds of energy we receive as food. Globally, shipping food accounts for 30 per cent of all carbon dioxide emissions. grow cycle 115