Maximum Yield USA 2016 June | Page 116

FOLIAR FEEDING “Whereas root-absorbed nutrition can often take several days or weeks to become omnipresent within the plant, foliar feeding can begin to correct a deficiency symptom much faster.” debates over benefits abound on foliar feeding and reduced pest infestation, but the overall concept of healthier plants being able to fight off disease and insects better is generally agreed upon. Why Try Foliar Feeding? When done in conjunction with good soil feeding, foliar feeding can actually increase the plant’s uptake of nutrients from the soil. It does this by causing the plant itself to pump more sugars and energy-producing exudates from its roots into the grow media (rhizosphere) surrounding them. This improves the quality of the microbial populations in the soil. This in turn promotes new, healthy root growth. As a quick-response to plants’ immediate need for various nutrients, especially micronutrients, foliar feeding is able to deliver a rapid response. Plant leaves are actually very efficient at absorbing nutrients. Nutrient absorption can be as much as eight to 20 times greater with foliar feeding than with root feeding. Boosting various nutrients at specific stages of development maximizes growth and vigor. Beneficial possibilities range from larger roots, more foliage, more buds and more blooms to better taste and health. As an easy and inexpensive way to increase plant and fruit size, as well as correct deficiencies, foliar feeding can increase yields. It can also be used to encourage a plant or crop towards entering the next stage of development earlier. Theories and 114 Maximum Yield USA  |  June 2016 Is Foliar Feeding Right For You? When the soil or grow media is at less than optimal condition the plant may exhibit signs of nutrient deficiency and this indicates a couple of things. For one, soil conditioning needs to be improved. This can include a range of actions from feeding, improving the beneficial microbes in the soil to changing the pH. While beginning this new regimen of soil or grow media enhancement, the plant is still not getting the nutrition it needs, and foliar feeding can change this quickly. Blossom-end rot is a common sign of calcium deficiency and a foliar spray can quickly add calcium into the plant to cure this, while root application can be much slower, allowing more fruit damage before correcting the issue. When a nutrient shortage seems visible in the foliage or fruit or your crop, a soil test can point out which nutrients are to blame and point you in the direction of correcting the problem. Tissue analysis testing is another way to find either toxic levels or deficiencies of nutrients. If the expense of such tests seems prohibitive, find out which of the several nutrients may be missing and try to apply all of them. Once again, applying a quality product at the right strength is vital. Foliar Feeding Tips If you are using a commercial product, read and follow the label. Check to see about any precipitates that may occur when mixing with other liquids. Use a fertilizer that is designed to be dissolved in water and read the label to determine purity and see to it that it is free from toxins. If your crop is sold and labeled as organic, synthetic fertilizers are not permitted, but naturally occurring minerals like iron, zinc or calcium can be. Make sure to apply the product at the right strength. Too strong of a mixture of inorganic, salt-based fertilizers will burn the foliage. The pH of the solution should be in the range of 5.5 or slightly higher to avoid foliage damage and lower than 8.0 to improve uptake. I t is important to remember foliar fertilization is not intended to provide 100% of a plant’s nutritional needs, but be used as a tool to help correct deficiencies and optimize certain plant growth and health issues. It is worthwhile to see how it works by having some plants that receive additional foliar feeding while having others that do not. For additional ways to improve nutrient absorption through foliar feeding, scan the QR code to visit the reference webpage for this article.