Maximum Yield USA 2015 October | Page 54

WHEN REDS & BLUES COLLIDE BLUE LIGHT A dramatically smaller fraction of the type of light plants use is blue light. Though just as much of the visible spectrum is considered blue (400-500 nm in wavelength) as red, plants need only a small percentage of the total light received to be blue for effective plant growth. As little as 1% blue light increases photosynthesis rates and shoot dry matter compared with plants grown under red light alone. Some blue light is absorbed by chlorophyll, but some is also absorbed by chryptochromes. Cryptochrome response to blue light has been shown to be involved in stomatal control and stem elongation of plants. Specifically, with exposure to higher percentages of blue light, plants tend to become more compact and flower earlier in some species. The Effects of Blue Lights on Lettuce This image shows two heads of lettuce of the same variety and age. Both were grown in the same growth chamber, but under different light treatments. On the left, a treatment of 50% red and 50% blue light was applied for two weeks. On the right, a treatment of 100% red was applied for two weeks. The presence of blue light resulted in a more compact, richly pigmented lettuce head, while the absence of blue light resulted in stretched-out leaves that are almost completely green. When grown outdoors, this variety of lettuce more closely resembles the darkly colored head than the green one. 52 Maximum Yield USA | October 2015