Maximum Yield USA 2015 November | Page 149

HOW IT WORKS The air we breathe is primarily comprised of nitrogen and oxygen (about 78% and 21%, respectively). Another plus or minus 1% percent is argon, 1% water vapor and .04% carbon dioxide (this adds up to just over 100% because these percentages are approximate). Nitrogen and oxygen both have two atoms per molecule, so they exist diatomically. “Any matter in its gaseous stage can become PLASMA if it is ionized, or given enough energy to cross the barrier between the gas stage and the plasma one.” Plasma treatment of seeds occurs in a vacuum chamber, where super-charged air is introduced to plasma. For this process to occur, the air inside the chamber is exposed to a radio frequency at 13.56 MHz to break the nitrogen and oxygen molecules in half, creating free radicals. These free radicals are highly reactive and very unstable. They seek out any available surface with which they can bond to. Enter the seed. Seeds, which are primarily composed of carbon, are an easy surface for the nitrogen and oxygen free radicals to adhere to. The increased amount of oxygen on the seed coat increases its electric charge and makes it more polar. Water is a polar molecule, and since like dissolves like, the seed is able to soak up more moisture during the germination period. This increase in water absorption boosts the metabolism rate of the endosperm, which translates to a faster breakdown and use of the nutrients contained within the seed, allowing the plant to develop and grow more quickly. Plasma-treated seeds produce seedlings with more mass, length and vitality. Treated seedlings also tend to possess greater axil leaf bud development. Maximum Yield USA  |  November 2015 147