Maximum Yield USA 2015 January | Page 101

Environmental Control Sprays s E Atmospheric control will help keep the air wellcirculated, which will also help control pests. Keep the humidity around 50% with daytime temperatures around 75°F and 60-65°F at night. You can also spray the plants with water, making sure you get the undersides of leaves, and vacuum the plant with a shop vac, which can be done during both vegetative and flowering stages. If even after these precautions are met, you end up with pests, there are options available for control. Beneficial Bugs B When it comes to beneficial insects, or bugs that eat other bugs, there are specific predators for specific pests or general predators that will pretty much eat anything. Which route you take will depend on how much money you can afford to shell out. As a rule, specific predators are more costly than general predators, but the specific predators usually do a better job, especially if there is an infestation. I find ladybugs are the best all-around general predator and very cost effective at a price of about $20 per 1,000. You can also get ladybug food, which is mixed with water and sprayed onto the plants when there is no food supply. Beneficial food helps to keep the predators on the plants. It also encourages breeding, which leads to larvae and the larvae are voracious eaters. Beneficial insects are a great option for any garden and can be added to the growroom as soon as you introduce your plants. Chemical and organic sprays are another choice for controlling pests. These sprays are toxic to beneficials so they cannot be used together. There are also insecticidal sprays designed for use on edible plants. Insecticidal soaps, neem oil, habanero pepper spray and pyrethrum are some examples of non-toxic sprays that can be purchased or made at home. Many of these sprays work only if they come in contact with the pest. Sprayers help by creating a fine mist to help get under the leaves and into cracks and crevices. For safety’s sake, I suggest paying a visit to your local hydroponics retailer for application rates and methods. Beneficial Insects for Specific Pest Problems Pest Predator Aphid Ladybugs are orange/red beetles with black spots Spider Mites Phytoseiulus persimilis are bright, reddish-orange mites Thrips & Fungus Gnats Hypoaspis miles are tiny beige mites that eat fungus gnats as well as root mealy bugs, sciarid flies, springtails and thrip larvae Whiteflies Encarsia formosa are small black and yellow parasitic wasps In closing, stay diligent and remember the three keys to a pest-free growroom: prevention, monitoring and control. And although I agree with Andrea Arnold, who said, “I love insects. They are amazing,” the growroom is no place for some of them! Susan Eitel has a degree in landscape horticulture from Humber College in Toronto. She has worked in the hydroponics industry for more than 25 years, which has proved invaluable over the years. Susan has always been interested in beneficial insects and integrated pest management. She currently lives in the Niagara area with her beloved husband and dog. Maximum Yield USA  |  January 2015 99