Maximum Yield USA 2015 April | Page 150

expanded clay pebbles Cloning Method: If you plan to start clones using clay pebbles, there are two methods growers routinely use. There is the low transplant technique—usually used in deep water culture—and the top drip method. The low transplant technique is simple, you only need to remember two things: provide humidity up top, and plant your node down low in the pot. In other words, only fill your net pot about one-third to one-half full and then plant the stem 1-in. or so below the pebbles. This allows the portion of the pebbles submerged in the deep water culture reservoir to act as a wick for the couple inches above the water line where the clone has been positioned. In the top drip method, usually used for drip systems, starting deep water culture systems or starting ebb and flood systems, clones are placed directly into their permanent grow site. Ensure drip emitters are placed close enough to the freshly placed cutting and there is a sufficient flow rate. With newly planted clones, whenever possible, I always aim to provide at least three emitters with a more open flow rate of about 1 gal. an hour. If the pebbles are properly soaked and the emitters are fastened correctly, clones take root quickly and easily. “Its high CEC value means the clay has the ability to bind with and hold nutrients for longer.” Periodically Rinse: It is hard to claim that any hydroponic medium is 100% inert because most of them have a specific pH value and cation exchange capacity (CEC). When describing a media as inert, most growers are really just referring to its lack of ability to provide any real measureable nutrients, or the ability to take away nutrients from the plant. With expanded clay pebbles, watch out for the clay’s high CEC value. Its high CEC value means the clay has the ability to bind with and hold nutrients for longer. Because of this, you might eventually notice an encroaching, whitish substance on top of your pebbles. This white substance is salt residue left over from the solution. If left to build up for too long, it could eventually lead to phytotoxicity, which chokes out and starves the plant of water or nutrients. As a preventative measure, be sure to routinely pull your plants out of the system (if growing in pots) and rinse from the top down using fresh, pH-adjusted water. If you’re not using pots, simply leach the entire system using fresh, pH-ad