e
the primary metabolism—are compounds that play an
important role in the basic life functions that allow plants to
properly complete their full growth cycle, such as respiration,
reproduction, cell division and growth.
Secondary metabolite compounds, such as the exudates
secreted by glandular trichomes, are not directly involved
in these essential functions, but they do serve an important
purpose. Secondary metabolite compounds are believed to
play a major role in a plant’s ability to adapt to the dangers
of their environment. These compounds provide a level of
defense against possible antagonists with antifungal, antibiotic
and antiviral properties. These properties are the reason these
compounds are sought after for medicinal purposes. Not only
do secondary metabolites help protect plants from microscopic
assailants, but they also help protect them from various insects
and animals because some of the compounds secreted can
cause severe discomfort when ingested. In addition, they also
contain UV ray-absorbing compounds that protect the leaves
from potential harm from sunlight.
For years, scientists have been working on ways to increase
glandular trichome production in numerous plant species in
an effort to collect as much of the desired essential oils from
one plant as physically possible. Since glandular trichomes
are the result of a plant’s protective measure against a danger
in the environment, the question is, “How do we simulate a
stressful situation in nature to enhance the production of these
secondary metabolites on our plants at home?”
Simulating a Stressful Situation
A plant’s glandular trichome production potential is the
result of genetics developed through interactions with
the surrounding environment. Plants that evolved in a
more threatening environment generally have a higher
level of glandular trichome
production. But through
certain stimuli, production
levels can be increased
There are
in the home garden.
ways to cause
I would never suggest
releasing harmful pests
physical stress
into a controlled growing
to a plant
environment, but there
without greatly are ways to cause physical
stress to a plant without
harming the
greatly harming the growth
cycle. Older leaves and
growth cycle.”
branches can be cut to
make the plant think it is
under attack. Growers can also supplement with artificial
UVA or UVB lighting in an effort to simulate some
environmental stressors. In nature, UV radiation from the
sun can reduce the rate of photosynthesis in the leaves,
which can directly affect a plant’s ability to grow properly.
The trichomes produced by the plant help protect it from
different types of UV radiation. Supplementing with UV
indoors should, theoretically, have the same affect.
There are also several fertilizer supplement products
marketed as having the ability to enhance glandular
tri