Maximum Yield USA 2015 April | Page 117

e the primary metabolism—are compounds that play an important role in the basic life functions that allow plants to properly complete their full growth cycle, such as respiration, reproduction, cell division and growth. Secondary metabolite compounds, such as the exudates secreted by glandular trichomes, are not directly involved in these essential functions, but they do serve an important purpose. Secondary metabolite compounds are believed to play a major role in a plant’s ability to adapt to the dangers of their environment. These compounds provide a level of defense against possible antagonists with antifungal, antibiotic and antiviral properties. These properties are the reason these compounds are sought after for medicinal purposes. Not only do secondary metabolites help protect plants from microscopic assailants, but they also help protect them from various insects and animals because some of the compounds secreted can cause severe discomfort when ingested. In addition, they also contain UV ray-absorbing compounds that protect the leaves from potential harm from sunlight. For years, scientists have been working on ways to increase glandular trichome production in numerous plant species in an effort to collect as much of the desired essential oils from one plant as physically possible. Since glandular trichomes are the result of a plant’s protective measure against a danger in the environment, the question is, “How do we simulate a stressful situation in nature to enhance the production of these secondary metabolites on our plants at home?” Simulating a Stressful Situation A plant’s glandular trichome production potential is the result of genetics developed through interactions with the surrounding environment. Plants that evolved in a more threatening environment generally have a higher level of glandular trichome production. But through certain stimuli, production levels can be increased There are in the home garden. ways to cause I would never suggest releasing harmful pests physical stress into a controlled growing to a plant environment, but there without greatly are ways to cause physical stress to a plant without harming the greatly harming the growth cycle. Older leaves and growth cycle.” branches can be cut to make the plant think it is under attack. Growers can also supplement with artificial UVA or UVB lighting in an effort to simulate some environmental stressors. In nature, UV radiation from the sun can reduce the rate of photosynthesis in the leaves, which can directly affect a plant’s ability to grow properly. The trichomes produced by the plant help protect it from different types of UV radiation. Supplementing with UV indoors should, theoretically, have the same affect. There are also several fertilizer supplement products marketed as having the ability to enhance glandular tri