Maximum Yield USA 2014 May | Page 22

ASK The Experts I started too many seeds in the cells of A ormally, growers will put more than one seed in a germination cube or organic medium cell with the expectation that at least one of the seeds will germinate so that all the seeded germination cubes or cells will have one viable plant. If more than one seedling emerges, then the plant number is thinned to one by cutting the top off the unwanted seedlings. Trying to pull a seedling, or seedlings, from the germination cube or organic rooting medium can damage the root system of the remaining plant. In addition, when trying to extract a seedling for planting into another cube or rooting media cell, the root of the extracted seedling may be significantly damaged, thereby reducing its survival potential as well as its development into a healthy plant. Remember that a seedling’s root system is tender and the emerging root will quickly penetrate into the germination cube or rooting medium. If more than one seedling emerges, the roots of both seedlings will become entangled, so trying to separate the seedlings will damage the seedling roots of each plant. Letting the seedlings grow together until beyond the early seedling stage before trying to separate them will not increase the survival rate. crowded seedling tray is a common occurrence for horticulturists. In order for those seedlings to perform up to their potential as adult plants, they need to be thinned out while they are young. Unfortunately, any time a plant is transplanted, stress will occur. The key is to minimize this stress as much as possible. Seedlings crowded in a tray offer a heightened challenge as the roots are most likely intertwined with each other. The best time to separate most seedlings is when they have their first set of true leaves and are roughly 2-in. tall. The first step is to make sure the soil or medium is moist. If it’s too dry, it can be brittle, making the separation process more difficult. Assuming the roots aren’t too tangled, a grower can usually separate crowded seedlings by removing them from the cells and, while gently holding the stems near the base, lightly pulling them a part. Some growers find this easier when done under running water. The water cleans some of the soil or medium away from the roots and lubricates the separation of the roots. If you choose this method, be sure the water temperature isn’t too hot or too cold. After gently pulling the seedlings apart, they can be planted in individual seedling tray cells or small containers, prepared in advance. A way to help reduce transplant shock is to administer a small dose of vitamin B1 to the fresh transplants. It’s also wise to avoid sudden changes in the seedling environment after transplanting. Do not suddenly change the lighting, feeding regimen or atmospheric conditions until seedlings have had time to recover from the transplant (usually three days to a week). After recovering, the seedlings can be treated like any other small plants in the garden. Sincerely, Keep on growing, Dr. J. Benton Jones, Jr. Eric Hopper Dr. J. Benton Jones Jr. has 50 years of experience growing plants hydroponically. He is an emeritus professor at the University of Georgia, Athens and has his own consulting company, Grosystems. Eric Hopper has more than 10 years of experience in the hydroponic indu stry as both a retail store manager and owner. He continuously seeks new methods and products that could help maximize garden performance. my seed trays. What’s the best way to get them into an organized arrangement without sending them into shock? -Thomas S. N 20 Maximum Yield USA  |  May 2014