Maximum Yield USA 2014 February | Page 66

co2 in the garden 1,500 ppm are unnecessary. There is no benefit to providing more CO2 than your plants can consume and carbon dioxide levels above 2,000 ppm can harm your plants by limiting transpiration and reducing nutrient uptake. Carbon dioxide is generally safe for humans at these levels, but levels above 6,000 ppm are harmful to humans after exposure for a period of time, especially for those with respiratory problems. For this reason, if you are enriching your garden with CO2, it is vital that you use a monitor in conjunction with your enrichment devices to control the levels at all times. The generally accepted sweet spot in the indoor gardening world is maintaining levels between 1,000 and 1,800 ppm, with most gardeners agreeing on 1,500 ppm as the level of maximum benefit. With few exceptions, it is unnecessary to provide the garden with CO2 enrichment when the lights are off—this is usually only necessary when the lights in the garden are on and photosynthesis is in full swing. There are several different ways of delivering CO2 to your garden. The simplest way to replenish the CO2 levels is by venting, where a fan exhausts garden air out and replaces it with air from the outside. This replaces any air that has depleted CO2 levels. This method is common, but it limits the garden to only the 64 Maximum Yield USA  |  February 2014 atmospheric normal levels of CO2, does nothing to enrich the air with higher levels and it is not without problems, primarily related to the other aspects of the garden’s climate. For example, if it’s humid outside, you introduce humidity into the garden, which can lead to fungus growth on your crop, and since most gardens are already humid, no more moisture is needed. Introducing outside air can also introduce pests into the space. Lastly, if the temperature outside is hotter than you want your garden to be, you must compensate for the introduction of outside air with your air-conditioning system. Most gardeners who start out with a venting system eventually move to a different type of enrichOnce ment system. There are also systems available that boost CO2 levels with decomposing natural materials. These come in a package that you place in the garden, during which time the decomposition off-gasses CO2 into the garden, boosting the levels somewhat. These products are natural and inexpensive and don’t require a CO2 monitor or other equipment to operate, as there is little chance of overdosing your garden unless you are using an extremely small space. However, CO2 volumes will be variable, and it is difficult to determine exactly what ppms can be reached. Additionally, they can’t be turned on and off with your the CO 2 levels drop below what is normally available in the atmosphere, plant growth will be negatively affected, often dramatically. "