Maximum Yield USA 2012 March | Page 146

Maintain Your Grain The cooling process pertains to temperature regulation of post-harvest crops, which is critical because it directly affects metabolism. Plants start preparing for death long before harvest, but live for some time after. Metabolic processes do not cease until the food source (water, carbohydrates and minerals) is no longer available. The harvested commodity is inherently susceptible to the elements after harvest, because without roots it can no longer self-regulate temperature or humidity. With regard to the temperature of harvested plants you have to consider not only the ambient temperature of the environment where they are stored but also the heat given off by the harvested commodity itself. All living cells respire, producing heat by using sugar and releasing carbon dioxide. Most people think plants only take in CO2 and give off oxygen, but the truth is most plants actually respire and give off CO2 as well, during the night. Metabolic processes like respiration produce heat and once harvested, most crops should be moved to an area with a lower temperature. This is especially true for leafy crops, where the heat of respiration is considerable. Case in point—if you harvest basil plants and place them directly into a garbage bag and wait 20 minutes, when you reach into the bag again you will notice a dramatic increase in temperature. This is due to the plant’s respiration, resulting in an increase in heat and humidity. Humidity is closely linked to temperature during post-harvest processes. Leafy plants left to be dehydrated should have plenty of air circulation and a moderately low humidity, which will slow the metabolism of the plants. Once the metabolism slows, lowering the humidity until the moisture content is below 15 per cent will keep the product from molding a